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Poly(I:C)-induced small-intestinal injury as a model for viral infection

Abstract

It has been shown that viruses and their ability to activate innate immunity may play a role in the pathogenesis of Celiac Disease. Toll-like receptor 3 is an endosomal receptor that recognizes dsRNA as well as its synthetic analog, polyinosinic-polycytidilic acid. It is shown here that intrapertioneal injection of poly(I:C) resulted in atrophy of small-intestinal villi and induction of inflammatory cytokines in a time and dosage- dependent manner. Small intestinal injury was observed in mice that were null for interleukin-15 (IL-15) and no induction of IL-15 was observed in wild-type mice in response to poly(I:C). Matrix-Metalloproteinase 13 (MMP- 13) showed induction that correlated with the poly(I:C)- induced small intestinal injury. Furthermore, it was shown that the induction of inflammatory cytokines is much higher in the lamina propria cells than in the intestinal epithelial cells of the small intestine

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