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A 25-Gb/s 5-mW CDR/Deserializer in 65-nm Technology

Abstract

Recent studies indicate that the input/output (I/O) bandwidth of serial links must increase by 2 to 3 times every two years so as to keep up with the demand for higher data rates. In order to manage such bandwidths with reasonable power consumption, an efficiency of around 1 mW/Gb/s for the overall transceiver is targeted, necessitating a much smaller value for each building block.

The latches, demultiplexers and frequency dividers comprising a broadband receiver consume the lion's share of the power. Current-steering circuits run at high speed but draw considerable static power, whereas rail-to-rail CMOS circuits can avoid static bias but at the cost of speed.

This work describes the development of a 25-Gb/s clock and data recovery (CDR) circuit and a deserializer that, through the use of "charge steering" and other innovations, achieve a twenty-fold reduction in the power dissipation with respect to the prior art. Realized in 65-nm CMOS technology, an experimental prototype draws 5-mW from a 1-V supply, exhibiting an integrated clock jitter of 1.52 ps,rms and a jitter tolerance of 0.5 unit interval (UI) at a jitter frequency of 5 MHz

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