UC Berkeley

Pakistan is situated between India to the east, China to the northeast, Afghanistan to the northwest and north, Iran to the west, the Arabian Sea to the south, and is separated from Tajikistan by the narrow and rugged Wakhan Corridor (part of Afghanistan) to the north. Created in 1947, Pakistan is a relatively new country, but it is home to the ancient Indus Valley and subsequent civilizations. It has a diverse geography and some unique species of fauna and flora. Pakistan is actively concerned with addressing environmental issues, though solutions require consideration of complex governmental and societal structures.