2024-03-29T02:26:26Zhttps://escholarship.org/oaioai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt6c2363252023-09-25T20:17:16Zqt6c236325A cluster randomized-controlled trial of a community mobilization intervention to change gender norms and reduce HIV risk in rural South Africa: study design and interventionPettifor, AudreyLippman, Sheri ASelin, Amanda MPeacock, DeanGottert, AnnMaman, SuzanneRebombo, DumisaniSuchindran, Chirayath MTwine, RhianLancaster, KathrynDaniel, TamuGómez-Olivé, F XavierKahn, KathleenMacPhail, Catherine2015-12-01BackgroundCommunity mobilization (CM) interventions show promise in changing gender norms and preventing HIV, but few have been based on a defined mobilization model or rigorously evaluated. The purpose of this paper is to describe the intervention design and implementation and present baseline findings of a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) of a two-year, theory-based CM intervention that aimed to change gender norms and reduce HIV risk in rural Mpumalanga province, South Africa.MethodsCommunity Mobilizers and volunteer Community Action Teams (CATs) implemented two-day workshops, a range of outreach activities, and leadership engagement meetings. All activities were mapped onto six theorized mobilization domains. The intervention is being evaluated by a randomized design in 22 communities (11 receive intervention). Cross-sectional, population-based surveys were conducted with approximately 1,200 adults ages 18-35 years at baseline and endline about two years later.ConclusionsThis is among the first community RCTs to evaluate a gender transformative intervention to change norms and HIV risk using a theory-based, defined mobilization model, which should increase the potential for impact on desired outcomes and be useful for future scale-up if proven effective.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT02129530.Health Services and SystemsPublic HealthHealth SciencesHIV/AIDSClinical Trials and Supportive ActivitiesPediatricPediatric AIDSClinical ResearchMental HealthPreventionPrevention of disease and conditionsand promotion of well-being3.1 Primary prevention interventions to modify behaviours or promote wellbeingInfectionAdultCommunity Health ServicesCommunity NetworksCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleGender IdentityHIV InfectionsHumansMaleResearch DesignRural PopulationSouth AfricaTreatment OutcomePublic Health and Health ServicesEpidemiologyHealth services and systemsPublic healthapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/6c236325articleBMC Public Health, vol 15, iss 1752