Recent uci_libs_oafund_pubs items

http://www.rssboard.org/rss-specification 720 Recent uci_libs_oafund_pubs items https://escholarship.org/uc/uci_libs_oafund_pubs/rss Recent eScholarship items from UCI Open Access Publishing Fund Fri, 15 May 2026 04:56:10 +0000 Final Progress Report - California Open Educational Resources Council https://escholarship.org/uc/item/45z9z0ww <p>INTRODUCTION</p><p>SB 1052 (Steinberg, 2012) specified that the California Open Education Resources Council (“CA-OERC”) be established under the administration of the Intersegmental Committee of Academic Senates (“ICAS”) of the University of California, the California State University, and the California Community Colleges. The bill called for the addition of §66409 to the California  Education Code to define the makeup of the CA-OERC and its responsibilities.</p><p> </p><p>To establish the CA-OERC and the accompanying California Digital Open Source Library (<a href="http://coolfored.org/about.html">COOL4Ed</a>), the Senate Bills apportioned $5,000,000 and directed the California State University, Office of the Chancellor to seek private funds to match the State budget. The CSU, directed to administer the funds, was awarded grants in Fall 2013 by the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation and the Gates Foundation to match the State’s funding, as mandated by SB 1052... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/45z9z0ww Wed, 9 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0000 California Open Educational Resources Council, CA-OERC White Paper: OER Adoption Study: Using Open Educational Resources in the College Classroom https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2z06323g <p>Executive Summary</p><p>Signed into law in September 2012, SB 1052 (Steinberg, 2012) specified that the <a href="http://icas-ca.org/coerc">California</a> <a href="http://icas-ca.org/coerc">Open Education Resources Council </a>(“CA-OERC”) be established under the administration of the Intersegmental Committee of Academic Senates (“ICAS”) of the University of California (“UC”), the California State University (“CSU”), and the California Community Colleges (“CCC”). CA-OERC was duly assembled and held its first meeting in January 2014. Representing 145 campuses across the three public systems of higher education, the CA-OERC initially set out to survey 10,000 UC, 24,000 CSU, 59,000 CCC full-time, part-time, and temporary faculty about their awareness, adoption, and use of Open Educational Resources (“OER”) textbooks.</p><p> </p><p>Based on the survey responses, the CA-OERC identified several impediments to adopting OER textbooks and concluded that rigorous peer review... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2z06323g Tue, 8 Feb 2022 00:00:00 +0000 California Open Educational Resources Council, CA-OERC Ensemble-based methods for forecasting census in hospital units https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3999z4xp Ensemble-based methods for forecasting census in hospital units https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3999z4xp Wed, 6 Aug 2014 00:00:00 +0000 Koestler, Devin C Ombao, Hernando Bender, Jesse Influenza Mortality in the United States, 2009 Pandemic: Burden, Timing and Age Distribution https://escholarship.org/uc/item/16m8v9vg Influenza Mortality in the United States, 2009 Pandemic: Burden, Timing and Age Distribution https://escholarship.org/uc/item/16m8v9vg Wed, 6 Aug 2014 00:00:00 +0000 Nguyen, Ann M Noymer, Andrew Cowling, Benjamin J "The only one who was thought to know the pulse of the people": Black women's politics in the era of post-racial discourse https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9c20x30v Theorizing black women’s high level of participation in contemporary South African protests for public water, electricity, and housing requires attention to the long history of women’s rural and urban revolts against apartheid passes and Section Ten laws, which proscribed black women’s mobility and delegitimized their access to public services. Examining the role of ibandlas (women’s assemblies/prayer unions/mothers unions) in three literary works: Lauretta Ncgobo’s And They Didn’t Die, Sindiwe Magona’s For My Children’s Children, and Njabulo Ndebele’s The Cry of Winnie Mandela, I argue that black women mobilize against enduring conditions of particular vulnerability, as post-racial discourse suppresses the social relations of blackness in the face of the “after-life of apartheid.” Indeed, post-racial discourse misreads the “pulse of the people.” https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9c20x30v Thu, 3 Jul 2014 00:00:00 +0000 Willoughby-Herard, Tiffany Proton Pump Inhibitors and Lower Serum Ferritin Levels in 171 HFE C282Y Homozygotes in the Hemochromatosis and Iron Overload Screening Study https://escholarship.org/uc/item/97h8348v <p>Background: In non-screening hemochromatosis patients with HFE C282Y homozygosity who achieve iron depletion, the proton pump inhibitor (PPI) omeprazole decreases non-heme iron absorption from test meals and decreases maintenance phlebotomy requirements. We sought to determine the effect of taking PPIs and histamine H2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs) on serum ferritin (SF) levels in C282Y homozygotes diagnosed in a screening study.</p><p>Methods: We compared mean ln SF in 171 homozygotes (60 men, 111 women) who reported taking and not taking PPIs and H2RAs. We performed linear regression on ln post-screening SF using age, sex, reports of taking PPIs and H2RAs, and free thyroxine levels.</p><p>Results: Eleven homozygotes (6.4%) took PPIs; twelve (6.7%) took H2RAs. Mean ln SF values of male and female homozygotes who took PPIs were ~one-half those of homozygotes without PPI reports, but the differences were not significant. In an initial five-factor... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/97h8348v Thu, 3 Jul 2014 00:00:00 +0000 Barton, James C. Adams, Paul C Acton, Ronald T Speechley, Mark McLaren, Christine E McLaren, Gordon D Gordeuk, Victor R Eckfeldt, John H Boosting Language Skills of English Learners Through Dramatization and Movement https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8kd8f8dn This article presents an arts integration program that uses drama and dance to promote foundational literacy skills, with an emphasis on the oral development of English Language Learners (ELLs). Previous research indicates that arts activities afford a beneficial opportunity for young students to practice language skills, but many teachers have received scant training in the arts. The Teaching Artist Project (TAP) is a professional development program that helps classroom teachers use dramatization and creative movement to enhance comprehension and promote verbal interaction in the classroom. Children learn to imaginatively connect the decontextualized vocabulary of the classroom with their own experiences. A mixed methods study of TAP found that K-1 ELLs who participated in TAP showed improvements in early literacy skills compared with their peers. This article introduces approaches used in TAP, suggests sources of the language gains, and discusses strategies for successful implementa... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8kd8f8dn Thu, 3 Jul 2014 00:00:00 +0000 Greenfader, Christa Mulker Brouillette, Liane To grab the stroma by the horns: from biology to cancer therapy with mesenchymal stem cells. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8k40h29k <p>Mesenchymal stem or stromal cells (MSCs) are precursor cells that play important roles in tumorigenesis. MSCs are recruited to tumors from local and distant sources to form part of the tumor microenvironment. MSCs influence tumor progression by interacting with cancer cells, endothelial cells, immune cells, and cancer stem cells, in a context-dependent network. This review aims to synthesize this emerging yet controversial field to identify key questions regarding the mechanisms of MSC mobilization and survival in blood; homing to tumors, metastases, and premetastatic sites; spatiotemporal organization and differentiation; and interaction with immune cells and cancer stem cells. Understanding the fundamental biology underlying mesenchymal stem cell and tumor interactions has the potential to inform our knowledge of cancer initiation and progression as well as lead to novel therapeutics for cancer. Furthermore, knowledge of endogenous mechanisms can be used to "program" exogenous... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8k40h29k Thu, 3 Jul 2014 00:00:00 +0000 Droujinine, Ilia A Eckert, Mark A Zhao, Weian Issues Related to HCI Application of Fitts's Law https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7vh7z6hk Taking Fitts’s law as a premise—that is, movement time is a linear function of an appropriate index of difficulty—we explore three issues related to the collection and reporting of these data from the perspective of application within human–computer interaction. The central question involved two design choices. Whether results obtained using blocked target conditions are representative of performance in situations in which, as is often the case, target conditions vary from movement to movement and how this difference depends on whether discrete or serial (continuous) movements are studied. Although varied target conditions led to longer movement times, the effect was additive, was surprisingly small, and did not depend on whether the movements were discrete or serial. This suggests that evaluating devices or designs using blocked data may be acceptable. With Zhai (2004) we argue against the practice of reporting throughput as a onedimensional summary for published comparisons... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7vh7z6hk Thu, 3 Jul 2014 00:00:00 +0000 Wright, Charles E Lee, Francis Barriers and Facilitators in the Recruitment and Retention of Peruvian Female Sex Workers in a Randomized HPV Vaccine Trial https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7f60m5c5 <p>Objective: To share the lessons learned when recruiting and retaining Peruvian female sex workers (FSWs) in a clinical trial.</p><p>Methods: Peruvian FSWs 18-26 years of age were asked to join a clinical study of HPV vaccine starting in August 2009. Condoms, lubricants, and health services were given as an incentive to join the study, as well as a gift valued at three US dollars at each study visit for retention purposes.</p><p>Results: 120 participants completed the survey. Barriers to non-enrollment recruiting included the false association of our clinical trial with an ineffective HIV vaccine study, plans to become pregnant during the vaccine study, not identifying as sex workers, pushback from husbands with fear of vaccine related birth defects, questioning motives for a free vaccine, not wanting to use birth control, lack of high perceived value of incentives, and limited time availability. Barriers to retention included periodic travel out of Lima, high costs for commuting,... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7f60m5c5 Thu, 3 Jul 2014 00:00:00 +0000 Shroff, Nikita Shroff Brown, Brandon Kinsler, Janni Cabral, Alejandra Blas, Magaly M Carcamo, Cesar Halsey, Neal A Distinct processes shape flashbulb and event memories https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7ck837gq In the present study, we examined the relation between memory for a consequential and emotional event and memory for the circumstances in which people learned about that event, known as flashbulb memory. We hypothesized that these two types of memory have different determinants and that event memory is not necessarily a direct causal determinant of flashbulb memory. Italian citizens (N = 352) described their memories of Italy’s victory in the 2006 FootballWorld Cup Championship after a delay of 18months. Structural equation modeling showed that flashbulb memory and event memory could be clearly differentiated and were determined by two separate pathways. In the first pathway, importance predicted emotional intensity, which, in turn, predicted the frequency of overt and covert rehearsal. Rehearsal was the only direct determinant of vivid and detailed flashbulb memories. In the second pathway, importance... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7ck837gq Thu, 3 Jul 2014 00:00:00 +0000 Tinti, Carla Schmidt, Susanna Testa, Silvia Levine, Linda J Vitamin D (25OHD) Serum Seasonality in the United States. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/77t9g53z <p>Vitamin D is an important micronutrient for health. Hypovitaminosis D is thought to play a role in the seasonality of a number of diseases and adverse health conditions. To refine hypotheses about the links between vitamin D and seasonal diseases, good estimates of the cyclicality of serum vitamin D are necessary.</p><p>The objective of this study is to describe quantitatively the cyclicality of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) in the United States. We provide a statistical analysis with weekly time resolution, in comparison to the quarterly (winter/spring/summer/fall) estimates already in the literature.</p><p>We analyzed time series data on 25OHD, spanning 287 consecutive weeks. The pooled data set comes from 3.44 million serum samples from the United States. We statistically analyzed the proportion of sera that were vitamin D sufficient, defined as 25OHD [Formula: see text] ng/mL, as a function of date.</p><p>In the United States, serum 25OHD follows a lagged pattern relative... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/77t9g53z Thu, 3 Jul 2014 00:00:00 +0000 Kasahara, Amy K Singh, Ravinder J Noymer, Andrew From blood to the brain: can systemically transplanted mesenchymal stem cells cross the blood-brain barrier? https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6zd2b3bk <p>Systemically infused mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are emerging therapeutics for treating stroke, acute injuries, and inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system (CNS), as well as brain tumors due to their regenerative capacity and ability to secrete trophic, immune modulatory, or other engineered therapeutic factors. It is hypothesized that transplanted MSCs home to and engraft at ischemic and injured sites in the brain in order to exert their therapeutic effects. However, whether MSCs possess the ability to migrate across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) that separates the blood from the brain remains unresolved. This review analyzes recent advances in this area in an attempt to elucidate whether systemically infused MSCs are able to actively transmigrate across the CNS endothelium, particularly under conditions of injury or stroke. Understanding the fate of transplanted MSCs and their CNS trafficking mechanisms will facilitate the development of more effective stem-cell-based... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6zd2b3bk Thu, 3 Jul 2014 00:00:00 +0000 Liu, Linan Eckert, Mark A Riazifar, Hamidreza Kang, Dong-Ku Agalliu, Dritan Zhao, Weian Similarities in the Age-Specific Incidence of Colon and Testicular Cancers. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6xw0j5vt <p>Colon cancers are thought to be an inevitable result of aging, while testicular cancers are thought to develop in only a small fraction of men, beginning in utero. These models of carcinogenesis are, in part, based upon age-specific incidence data. The specific incidence for colon cancer appears to monotonically increase with age, while that of testicular cancer increases to a maximum value at about 35 years of age, then declines to nearly zero by the age of 80. We hypothesized that the age-specific incidence for these two cancers is similar; the apparent difference is caused by a longer development time for colon cancer and the lack of age-specific incidence data for people over 84 years of age. Here we show that a single distribution can describe the age-specific incidence of both colon carcinoma and testicular cancer. Furthermore, this distribution predicts that the specific incidence of colon cancer should reach a maximum at about age 90 and then decrease. Data on the incidence... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6xw0j5vt Thu, 3 Jul 2014 00:00:00 +0000 Soto-Ortiz, Luis Brody, James P Flexible shrink-induced high surface area electrodes for electrochemiluminescent sensing https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6v12w7xf Photolithographically defined metallic thin film on commodity shrink-wrap is leveraged to create robust electrodes. By thermally shrinking the film, electrodes are reduced by 20x in footprint for improved resolution and conductivity with >600% enhancements in electrochemically active surface area; as electrochemiluminescent sensors, they demonstrate improved limits of detection. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6v12w7xf Thu, 3 Jul 2014 00:00:00 +0000 Pegan, Jonathan D Ho, Adrienne Y Bachman, Mark Khine, Michelle Outsourcing CO<sub>2</sub> within China. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6s5549fc <p>Recent studies have shown that the high standard of living enjoyed by people in the richest countries often comes at the expense of CO2 emissions produced with technologies of low efficiency in less affluent, developing countries. Less apparent is that this relationship between developed and developing can exist within a single country's borders, with rich regions consuming and exporting high-value goods and services that depend upon production of low-cost and emission-intensive goods and services from poorer regions in the same country. As the world's largest emitter of CO2, China is a prominent and important example, struggling to balance rapid economic growth and environmental sustainability across provinces that are in very different stages of development. In this study, we track CO2 emissions embodied in products traded among Chinese provinces and internationally. We find that 57% of China's emissions are related to goods that are consumed outside of the province where... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6s5549fc Thu, 3 Jul 2014 00:00:00 +0000 Feng, Kuishuang Davis, Steven J Sun, Laixiang Li, Xin Guan, Dabo Liu, Weidong Liu, Zhu Hubacek, Klaus Novel Molecular and Nanosensors for In Vivo Sensing https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6md026pc In vivo sensors are an emerging field with the potential to revolutionize our understanding of basic biology and our treatment of disease. In this review, we highlight recent advances in the fields of in vivo electrochemical, optical, and magnetic resonance biosensors with a focus on recent developments that have been validated in rodent models or human subjects. In addition, we discuss major challenges in the development and translation of in vivo biosensors and present potential solutions to these problems. The field of nanotechnology, in particular, has recently been instrumental in driving the field of in vivo sensors forward. We conclude with a discussion of emerging paradigms and techniques for the development of future biosensors. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6md026pc Thu, 3 Jul 2014 00:00:00 +0000 Eckert, Mark A Vu, Priscilla Q Zhang, Kaixiang Kang, Dongku Ali, M. Monsur Xu, Chenjie Zhao, Weian A perspective on time: loss frequencies, time scales and lifetimes https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5285k90f The need to describe the Earth’s system or any of its components with a quantity that has units of time is ubiquitous. These quantities are used as metrics of the system to describe the response to a perturbation, the cumulative effect of an action or just the budget in terms of sources and sinks. Given a complex, non-linear system, there are many different ways to derive such quantities, and careful definitions are needed to avoid mistaken approximations while providing useful parameters describing the system. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5285k90f Thu, 3 Jul 2014 00:00:00 +0000 Prather, Michael J Holmes, Christopher D Cervical HPV Infection in Female Sex Workers: A Global Perspective. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4tn6w6fs <p>Approximately 291 million women worldwide are HPV DNA carriers. Studies have indicated that having multiple sexual partners may lead to higher HPV transmission. Thus female sex workers (FSWs) may be at greater risk of infection compared to the general population. Herein we review publications with data on FSW cervical HPV test results. We also examine variations of HPV prevalence and risk behaviors by region. Knowledge of prevalent HPV types in FSWs may lead to improved prevention measures and assist in understanding vaccination in high-risk groups.</p><p>We conducted a review of the literature by searching PUBMED using the terms "prostitution" or "female sex workers", "human papillomavirus" or "HPV", and "prevalence" or "PCR" to find articles. We excluded studies without HPV testing or HPV type specific results, or unconventional HPV testing.</p><p>A total of 35 peer-reviewed publications were included in our review. High risk HPV types 16 and 18 ranged from 1.1-38.9‰ in prevalence.... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4tn6w6fs Thu, 3 Jul 2014 00:00:00 +0000 Soohoo, Melissa Blas, Magaly Byraiah, Gita Carcamo, Cesar Brown, Brandon Media's role in broadcasting acute stress following the Boston Marathon bombings. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/45z0h6bj <p>We compared the impact of media vs. direct exposure on acute stress response to collective trauma. We conducted an Internet-based survey following the Boston Marathon bombings between April 29 and May 13, 2013, with representative samples of residents from Boston (n = 846), New York City (n = 941), and the remainder of the United States (n = 2,888). Acute stress symptom scores were comparable in Boston and New York [regression coefficient (b) = 0.43; SE = 1.42; 95% confidence interval (CI), -2.36, 3.23], but lower nationwide when compared with Boston (b = -2.21; SE = 1.07; 95% CI, -4.31, -0.12). Adjusting for prebombing mental health (collected prospectively), demographics, and prior collective stress exposure, six or more daily hours of bombing-related media exposure in the week after the bombings was associated with higher acute stress than direct exposure to the bombings (continuous acute stress symptom total: media exposure b = 15.61 vs. direct exposure b = 5.69). Controlling... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/45z0h6bj Thu, 3 Jul 2014 00:00:00 +0000 Holman, E Alison Garfin, Dana Rose Silver, Roxane Cohen Brain-computer interface controlled robotic gait orthosis https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3tc1s456 <p>Neural ganglionic transmission was studied in vivo in the cat, using closed chest anesthetized preparations. The right stellate ganglion and its branches were exposed retropleurally and prepared for electrical stimulation of pre- and postganglionic nerve fibers. The axillary artery was cannulated allowing direct administration of drugs in the arterial blood supplying the ganglion. Stimulation of postjunctional receptors could thus be obtained by local administration of selective agents. Local administration of nicotinic, muscarinic or histaminergic agents increased heart rate and blood pressure. Opiates were given either i.v. or locally through the axillary artery: we tested the effects of morphine, Leu-enkephalin (Leu-enk), Met-enkephalin (Met-enk), [D-ala2]-Met-enkephalinamide (DAME) and etorphine. When given locally, Leu-enk (from 10 micrograms), Met-enk (from 20 micrograms), DAME (from 5 micrograms) and etorphine (from 0.2 micrograms) inhibited tachycardia induced by preganglionic... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3tc1s456 Thu, 3 Jul 2014 00:00:00 +0000 Do, An H Wang, Po T King, Christine E Chun, Sophia N Nenadic, Zoran Travel patterns during pregnancy: comparison between Global Positioning System (GPS) tracking and questionnaire data. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3pp5n2t0 <p>Maternal exposures to traffic-related air pollution have been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Exposures to traffic-related air pollutants are strongly influenced by time spent near traffic. However, little is known about women's travel activities during pregnancy and whether questionnaire-based data can provide reliable information on travel patterns during pregnancy.</p><p>Examine women's in-vehicle travel behavior during pregnancy and examine the difference in travel data collected by questionnaire and global positioning system (GPS) and their potential for exposure error.</p><p>We measured work-related travel patterns in 56 pregnant women using a questionnaire and one-week GPS tracking three times during pregnancy (<20 weeks, 20-30 weeks, and >30 weeks of gestation). We compared self-reported activities with GPS-derived trip distance and duration, and examined potentially influential factors that may contribute to differences. We also described... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3pp5n2t0 Thu, 3 Jul 2014 00:00:00 +0000 Wu, Jun Jiang, Chengsheng Jaimes, Guillermo Bartell, Scott Dang, Andy Baker, Dean Delfino, Ralph J Hierarchical vector auto-regressive models and their applications to multi-subject effective connectivity. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/32z5r0m1 <p>Vector auto-regressive (VAR) models typically form the basis for constructing directed graphical models for investigating connectivity in a brain network with brain regions of interest (ROIs) as nodes. There are limitations in the standard VAR models. The number of parameters in the VAR model increases quadratically with the number of ROIs and linearly with the order of the model and thus due to the large number of parameters, the model could pose serious estimation problems. Moreover, when applied to imaging data, the standard VAR model does not account for variability in the connectivity structure across all subjects. In this paper, we develop a novel generalization of the VAR model that overcomes these limitations. To deal with the high dimensionality of the parameter space, we propose a Bayesian hierarchical framework for the VAR model that will account for both temporal correlation within a subject and between subject variation. Our approach uses prior distributions that... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/32z5r0m1 Thu, 3 Jul 2014 00:00:00 +0000 Gorrostieta, Cristina Fiecas, Mark Ombao, Hernando Burke, Erin Cramer, Steven Quasiparticle representation of coherent nonlinear optical signals of multi-excitons https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2fz7t67p Multi-exciton Green’s functions and scattering matrices in many fermion systems are calculated using a quasiparticle approach based on a generalized Bethe–Salpeter equation. The simulation protocol only requires numerical diagonalization of the single-exciton manifold. Using coboson algebra all many-body effects are recast in terms of two tetradic exciton–exciton interactions: direct Coulomb scattering and Pauli exchange. The tedious equations-of-motion derivations and calculations of multi-exciton manifolds are avoided. The approach is applied to calculate the third- and fifth-order signals generated by sequences of femtosecond optical pulses. Several coherent fifth order optical signals that directly probe three-exciton states and their projections on double and single-exciton states are predicted. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2fz7t67p Thu, 3 Jul 2014 00:00:00 +0000 Roslyak, Oleksiy Fingerhut, Benjamin P Bennett, Kochise Mukamel, Shaul Changes in concurrent monthly precipitation and temperature extremes https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2fn9n93f While numerous studies have addressed changes in climate extremes, analyses of concurrence of climate extremes are scarce, and climate change effects on joint extremes are rarely considered. This study assesses the occurrence of joint (concurrent) monthly continental precipitation and temperature extremes in Climate Research Unit (CRU) and University of Delaware (UD) observations, and in 13 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) global climate simulations. The joint occurrences of precipitation and temperature extremes simulated by CMIP5 climate models are compared with those derived from the CRU and UD observations for warm/wet, warm/dry, cold/wet, and cold/dry combinations of joint extremes. The number of occurrences of these four combinations during the second half of the 20th century (1951–2004) is assessed on a common global grid. CRU and UD observations show substantial increases in the occurrence of joint... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2fn9n93f Thu, 3 Jul 2014 00:00:00 +0000 Hao, Zengchao AghaKouchak, Amir Phillips, Thomas J Shrink-Induced Silica Structures for Far-field Fluorescence Enhancements https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1xn7v1pb Dense multiscale silica (SiO2) micro- and nanostructures are fabricated on a pre-stressed polymer fi lm. This novel SiO 2 substrate serves as a robust platform to enhance the fl uorescence signal of bound biomolecules. Through a combination of surface concentration, light scattering, and changes in the photophysical properties of the confi ned dye molecules, dramatic fl uorescence signal enhancements (average = 116 times greater than on planar glass) and increased signal-to-noise ratio (76:1) are demonstrated with tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate (TRITC)-conjugated streptavidin (STRITC) on SiO 2 structures. Enhanced detection sensitivity of STRITC over glass on the SiO 2 structures is achieved down to a detection limit of 11 ng mL −1 . Such signifi cant fl uorescence signal enhancements have importance in practical applications such disease diagnostics and surface sensing. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1xn7v1pb Thu, 3 Jul 2014 00:00:00 +0000 Lin, Sophia Sharma, Himanshu Khine, Michelle Operation of a brain-computer interface walking simulator for individuals with spinal cord injury https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1hb306c7 Spinal cord injury (SCI) can leave the affected individuals with paraparesis or paraplegia, thus rendering them unable to ambulate. Since there are currently no restorative treatments for this population, novel approaches such as brain-controlled prostheses have been sought. Our recent studies show that a brain-computer interface (BCI) can be used to control ambulation within a virtual reality environment (VRE), suggesting that a BCI-controlled lower extremity prosthesis for ambulation may be feasible. However, the operability of our BCI has not yet been tested in a SCI population. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1hb306c7 Thu, 3 Jul 2014 00:00:00 +0000 King, Christine E Wang, Po T Chui, Luis A Do, An H Nenadic, Zoran Drop Out and "Disconnected" Young Adults: Examining the Impact of Neighborhood and School Contexts https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0n87c9jg Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) this study compares if and how neighborhood effects on the likelihood to drop out and be ‘‘disconnected’’ from school and work in young adulthood change when schools are taken into account. As widely documented, I find that neighborhood socioeconomic status is associated with dropping out, but this effect is mediated by schools with high numbers of Latino or Black students. I find neighborhood socioeconomic status is not associated with being disconnected, yet, attending schools with high numbers of Black students is. This research draws attention for the need to account for neighborhood and school effects simultaneously to better understand contextual effects and to more carefully conceptualize how neighborhood and schools work together to produce these outcomes disproportionately impacting racial and ethnic minorities. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0n87c9jg Thu, 3 Jul 2014 00:00:00 +0000 Rendon, Maria G A moving-barber-pole illusion. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0dc0c197 <p>In the barber-pole illusion (BPI), a diagonally moving grating is perceived as moving vertically because of the shape of the vertically oriented window through which it is viewed-a strong shape-motion interaction. We introduce a novel stimulus-the moving barber pole-in which a diagonal, drifting sinusoidal carrier is windowed by a raised, vertical, drifting sinusoidal modulator that moves independently of the carrier. In foveal vision, the moving-barber-pole stimulus can be perceived as several active barber poles drifting horizontally but also as other complex dynamic patterns. In peripheral vision, pure vertical motion (the moving-barber-pole illusion [MBPI]) is perceived for a wide range of conditions. In foveal vision, the MBPI is observed, but only when the higher-order modulator motion is masked. Theories to explain the BPI make indiscriminable predictions in a standard barber-pole display. But, in moving-barber-pole stimuli, the motion directions of features (e.g., end... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0dc0c197 Thu, 3 Jul 2014 00:00:00 +0000 Sun, Peng Chubb, Charles Sperling, George Membrane Biophysics Define Neuron and Astrocyte Progenitors in the Neural Lineage https://escholarship.org/uc/item/02k1k8qs Neural stem and progenitor cells (NSPCs) are heterogeneous populations of self-renewing stem cells and more committed progenitors that differentiate into neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. Accurately identifying and characterizing the different progenitor cells in this lineage has continued to be a challenge for the field. We found previously that populations of NSPCs with more neurogenic progenitors (NPs) can be distinguished from those with more astrogenic progenitors (APs) by their inherent biophysical properties, specifically the electrophysiological property of whole cell membrane capacitance, which we characterized with dielectrophoresis (DEP). Here, we hypothesize that inherent electrophysiological properties are sufficient to define NPs and APs and test this by determining whether isolation of cells solely by these properties specifically separates NPs and APs. We found NPs and APs are enriched in distinct fractions... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/02k1k8qs Thu, 3 Jul 2014 00:00:00 +0000 Nourse, J. L. Prieto, J. L. Dickson, A. R. Lu, J. Pathak, M. M. Tombola, F. Demetriou, M. Lee, A. P. Flanagan, Lisa A.