http://www.rssboard.org/rss-specification 720 https://escholarship.org/uc/ucd_ome_posters/rss Recent eScholarship items from Medical Student Research Forum Posters Wed, 24 Jun 2026 12:10:12 +0000 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6241z3pf High-resolution Micro-ultrasound Transperineal ProstateBiopsy: Cancer Detection with Cognitive Targeting of MRIVisible Lesions https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6241z3pf Thu, 4 Sep 2025 00:00:00 +0000 La, Brandan Arora, Aman Dall'Era, Marc https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6hv563pw Poor glycemic control is associated with pro-inflammatory CXCL10 elevation in children and adolescents with established type 1 diabetes https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6hv563pw Thu, 17 Jul 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Gilles, Spencer Chaffin, Zachary Ghetti, Simona Mahon, Alix Dadra, Jasmeen Glaser, Nicole https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9vt7h03x Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion (ACDF) is used to treat a variety of cervical pathologies including degenerative disease, myelopathy, radiculopathy, and traumatic injuries. It has become one of the most common cervical spine procedures in the United States. In ACDF, the “gold standard” for grafts has been the autograft harvested from the patient’s iliac crest. However, autografts tend to cause an increase donor site morbidities, such as, pain, infection, hematoma, fracture, and wound healing. Due to the donor site morbidities, surgeons have opted to use allografts as alternatives. Fresh-frozen and freeze-dried allografts are common alternatives to autografts. Fresh-frozen allografts and freeze-dried allografts go through different forms of processing to help decrease immune response in the patient, as well as, preserve structural integrity through storage. We hypothesize that fresh-frozen allografts will have a higher rate of fusion due to its preserved structural integrity... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9vt7h03x Wed, 25 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Yu, Derron Delman, Connor Singh, Paramjyot Van, Benjamin Klineberg, Eric https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9r74q6bv Efficacy of HydrodilatationProtocol Treatment forResolving Adhesive Capsulitis https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9r74q6bv Wed, 25 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Ramos, Andres Herman, Daniel C https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9jr0p818 Physician and Community Partnerships for ReducingHealth Disparities and Inequity for People with Disabilities:Development and Implementation of a Culturally HumbleCourse for Medical Students https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9jr0p818 Wed, 25 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Alvarez, Lizbeth Cejas, Diana M https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9ct8n8dx Exploring the Role of Traditional Vietnamese Medicine in Sacramento: Bridging Cultural Practices with Allopathic Healthcare https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9ct8n8dx Wed, 25 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Truong, Anna Wilkes, Michael https://escholarship.org/uc/item/97q1s0vg Surgical safety and efficiency during an orbitozygomatic (OZ) osteotomy rely on thorough knowledge of the surgical anatomy of the facial nerve. Although the anatomy of the facial nerve and its relation to the pterional craniotomy are described, a thorough assessment of facial nerve preservation techniques during the OZ approach and its variations is lacking. We assessed the surgical anatomy of the facial nerve related to the OZ approach and provided a thorough stepwise description on how to preserve it. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/97q1s0vg Wed, 25 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Meybodi, Ali Lawton, Micheal Yousef, Sonia Gonzalez, J.J. Benet, Arnau https://escholarship.org/uc/item/95q3k2fg Radiation Induced Unilateral Vocal Fold ParalysisFollowing Lung Stereotactic Ablative RadiationTherapy: A Case Report and Review of the Literature https://escholarship.org/uc/item/95q3k2fg Wed, 25 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Guemidjian, Adam Wright, Cari Daly, Megan https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8s24n12s Clinical Significance of Complement Depositionin Recurrent IgA Nephropathy after Kidney Transplantation https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8s24n12s Wed, 25 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Gogulapati, Anusha Jen, Kuang-Yu Shaikh, Sana https://escholarship.org/uc/item/86q8m7sh Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) for 6 months provides significant benefits, including decreased incidence of respiratory and GI infections. Promoting EBF is a cost-effective method to improve infant health and survival. Roatán is a Honduran island where infant mortality is more than triple the country’s average. Data on infant feeding practices and EBF prevalence in Roatan is limited. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/86q8m7sh Wed, 25 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Yeung, Andrew Rasmussen, Lisa Herlihy, Julie Fine, Jeffrey Yuk, Jihey Donnelly, John Taylor, Sandra Chantry, Caroline https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8290h2tr Impact of Diet and Gut Microbiomeon Nonhuman Primate Models ofAge-Related Macular Degeneration https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8290h2tr Wed, 25 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Siegman, Aaron Jin, Yanshan Zivkovic, Angela Villafuerte-Trisolini, Carol Le, Sophie Tomasy, Sara M. Havel, Peter Yiu, Glenn https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7wn7h4rv <p>• There is increasing evidence of how physical activity (PA) can potentially play a role in healthy aging, decreased mortality, and lower lifestyle disease such as Type 2 Diabetes (T2D)</p><p>• Asian Americans have continued to be the fastest growing ethnic group in the United States2 and there are significant lower rates of PA in the Asian American population than in other ethnic groups</p><p>• This can possibly be attributed to the different levels of acculturation to Western cultures as it has been seen that a higher identification with American Society can be associated with more recreation-related PA</p><p>• Most studies on acculturation and physical activity has focused on the Asian American population without subgroups even though it has been shown that there is heterogeneity among the subgroups</p> https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7wn7h4rv Wed, 25 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Tseng, Joyee Chang, Juliet Tseng, Marilyn https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7jv7v2rr Translational Behavioral Assessment of the E200KPathogenic Variant of the B56δ-subunit of the ProteinPhosphatase 2A (PP2A) that Results in Jordan’s Syndrome https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7jv7v2rr Wed, 25 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Marroquin, Alan Monsen, Emma Findley, Jody Strack, Stefan Frank, Kyle D Nolta, Jan Olguin, Sarah J Silverman, Jill L https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7d8828nv <p><strong>Purpose of Study:</strong> In 2015, the American College of Surgeons (ACS) created a new hospital designation to improve the efficiency and performance of care for children in American Children’s Hospitals. The Children’s Surgery Center (CSC) verification is achieved when a hospital system demonstrates excellence in its infrastructure and in its operations toward the pediatric-specific care of patients. Several important elements include 24-hour, 7-day a week availability of Pediatric surgical subspecialties, Pediatric Nursing, and Pediatric Anesthesia teams, access to pediatric beds, quality improvement programs, and hospital quality enhancements. Efficient care of pediatric femur fractures is representative of the highest level of care for pediatric trauma patients. The study was performed at one of six ACS pilot sites for the ACS CSC verification, to determine the designation’s effect in improving the efficiency of managing orthopaedic trauma patients.</p><p><strong>... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7d8828nv Wed, 25 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000 White, Carter Leshikar, Holly White, Spencer Semkiw, Karen Farmer, Diana Haus, Brian https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6nh774pz Lesion Localization: A Guided Lab https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6nh774pz Wed, 25 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Jan, Amanda Martin, Ryan Vitt, Jeffrey Andrada-Brown, Emily https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6gd387vh Cultural Impact of Autism on AntenatalInformation, Clinical Experiences, and Planning https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6gd387vh Wed, 25 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Schmulbach, Arianna Gosdin, Melissa https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6bm0009h Impact of Diet and Gut Microbiome on Nonhuman Primate Models of Age-Related Macular Degeneration https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6bm0009h Wed, 25 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Siegman, Aaron Jin, Yanshan Zivkovic, Angela Villafuerte-Trisolini, Carol Le, Sophie Thomasy, Sarah Havel, Peter Yiu, Glenn https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6848v6nn Propofol Induction is Associated withChanges in Diastolic Function https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6848v6nn Wed, 25 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Hamilton, Zachary Shalin, Desai McCloskey, Lynh Fleming, Neal https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5st1q65d Knee Injection Internet Search Trends: Corticosteroids, Viscosupplementation,Platelet-Rich Plasma https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5st1q65d Wed, 25 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Randhawa, Amritpal S Dallas-Orr, David Cantave, Kyle Tse, Shannon Giordani, Mauro Taylor, Adam Lum, Zachary Meehan, John P https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5c0994jj Atomoxetine increases phosphorylation of Ser1928 onCav1.2 in the frontal cortex via D1/5R activation https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5c0994jj Wed, 25 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Jacobi, Ariel Weiner, Justin Hanks, Tim Hell, Johannes W https://escholarship.org/uc/item/507780jp Pediatric Asthma: UC Davis Participation in a Global Network Study https://escholarship.org/uc/item/507780jp Wed, 25 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Ibarra, Angel Escobedo, Erik Tzimenatos, Leah https://escholarship.org/uc/item/47c9s54t Elevated Distressed Communities Index (DCI) Score is associated withProgression of Below Knee Amputation to Above Knee Amputation inVascular Patients https://escholarship.org/uc/item/47c9s54t Wed, 25 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Rivas, Jorge Schneck, Matthew Humphries, Misty https://escholarship.org/uc/item/42g182m2 Can AI Match Clinicians?Assessing Inter-rater Reliability in Fracture Identification https://escholarship.org/uc/item/42g182m2 Wed, 25 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Walker, Aliyah Smith, J.B. Simister, Samuel K Patel, Om Choudhary, Soham Seidu, Michael Dallas-Orr, David Tse, Shannon Shahzad, Hania Saiz, Augustine Lum, Zachary C https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3zk2j0s0 Incidental prostate cancer after HoLEP:factors associated with clinically significantdisease https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3zk2j0s0 Wed, 25 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Crow, Adam Liu, Hansen Monda, Steven Durbin-Johnson, Blythe Kopelevich, Alexei Shahinyan, Robert Dall'Era, Marc Chandrasekar, Thennappen Canvasser, Noah https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3tj5638c Mutational landscape of melanocytic tumorsfrom patients with RASopathies https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3tj5638c Wed, 25 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Willy, Alexis Young, Laura J Meyer, Summer Tavernetti, Jennifer Simmons, Elanee Rauen, Katherine A McPherson, John D Kiuru, Maija https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3s89p11b Endometriosis Diagnosis &amp; Treatment:Still a Surgical Process https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3s89p11b Wed, 25 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Bloemhard, Miaoli Orozco, Deanna Prieto, Julian Paik, Clara Hou, Melody https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3hv3t37g RNAseq Reveals TGX1214 Effectively Modulates KeyOncogenic Pathways in Human Pancreatic Cancer Cells https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3hv3t37g Wed, 25 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Kaur Bhandal, Amrit Krga, Irena Musumeci, Laura Mackenzie, Gerardo https://escholarship.org/uc/item/31q0k6d1 <p>Salmonella Typhi is the causative agent of typhoid fever, which is a life-threatening, systemic disease, with an estimated global disease burden of 21.6 million cases annually, resulting in about 220,000 deaths. Due to the absence of convenient animals models to study S. Typhi and other typhoidal Salmonella serovars, our understanding of typhoid fever pathogenesis is still incomplete.</p><p>Like other Salmonella serovars, S. Typhi is phagocytosed by host macrophages and survives and replicates intracellularly within these macrophages. Interestingly, one important virulence factor of S. Typhi is the polysaccharide capsular antigen Vi, which, like many of the bacterial capsules produced by extracellular bacteria, has long been thought to play a role in preventing phagocytosis and complement killing of S. Typhi.</p><p>Thus, we encounter a paradox in which a bacteria that survives and replicates within macrophages as part of its life cycle, also possesses an anti-phagocytic capsule,... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/31q0k6d1 Wed, 25 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Zhang, Lillian Hiyoshi, Hirotaka Lepenies, Bernd Bäumler, Andreas https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2n23q3gw Evaluation of Surgical Approach on Reduction Quality for Transverse-FamilyAcetabulum Fractures https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2n23q3gw Wed, 25 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Rincon, Andrea Sario, Erik-Matthew Saade, Aziz Giordani, Chiara Tse, Shannon Simister, Samuel K Campbell, Sean T Fitzpatrick, Ellen Soles, Gillian L Lee, Mark A Siaz, Augustine M https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2280v3gg Co-Designing a Health Technology Interventionthrough Patient-Centered Collaboration: ACommunity-Informed Approach https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2280v3gg Wed, 25 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Medlock, Araiye Gosdin, Melissa Sarkar, Urmimala Orozco, Jamie Sharma, Anjana Lyles, Courtney https://escholarship.org/uc/item/21t0s34j Trauma Outcomes and SocioeconomicStress: Insights from the CaliforniaHealthy Places Index https://escholarship.org/uc/item/21t0s34j Wed, 25 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Barrera-Alvarez, Aaron Bellini, Alyssa Robles, Anamaria Callcut, Rachael https://escholarship.org/uc/item/20h7v827 Lower Mortality In Tricuspid Valve EndocarditisPatients Who Inject Drugs https://escholarship.org/uc/item/20h7v827 Wed, 25 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Beall, Augustin Atreja, Surabhi Du, Lina https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1s87486k Using Contrast-Enhanced CT to PredictLung Shunt Fraction https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1s87486k Wed, 25 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Carter, Adrianna Goldman, Roger Mehadji, Brahlm Roncali, Emilie https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0mp2m47j <p>• Melanoma, the deadliest of the common skin cancers, develops through a gradual accumulation of mutations and overcomes environmental regulation</p><p>• Markers of early melanoma evolution and predictors of durable treatment response remain largely undiscovered</p><p>• Spatially resolved techniques are likely to outperform bulk molecular profiling for discovery of early stage and predictive biomarkers</p><p>• Previous studies revealed the importance of keratinocyte-derived growth factors and cell adhesion molecules in limiting melanocyte proliferation and elucidated mechanisms by which malignant melanocytes escape this regulation</p><p>• However, prior studies did not capture the spatial element of melanocyte-keratinocyte interactions in situ in patient-derived primary melanomas and benign melanocytic tumors</p> https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0mp2m47j Wed, 25 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Kiuru, Maija Kriner, Michelle Wong, Samantha Zhu, Guannan Terrell, Jessica Li, Qian Hoang, Margaret Beechem, Joseph McPherson, John https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9ws037vr Small echogenic renal masses detected on ultrasound are most commonly angiomyolipoma (AMLs), however up to 5.1% of echogenic renal masses detected on ultrasound are renal cell carcinoma (RCC). While AMLs are the most common benign renal tumors, with prevalence between 0.2-0.6%. Most of these benign neoplasms are found incidentally on imaging and despite having smooth muscle, blood vessels, and adipose tissue, this is a heterogenous pathology. When AML contains little fat, they are isoechoic or only slightly hyperechoic on U/S and they can be mistaken for RCC. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9ws037vr Thu, 5 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Wang, Danielle Kwong, Austin Mitchell, Ana McGahan, John https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8fv6f1hz <strong>Background:</strong> Rapid Response Teams are activated in non-critical care settings to provide or expedite access to escalated care before patient condition rapidly deteriorates. Patients who undergo cardiopulmonary arrest may experience emergency “Code Blue” activation. However, in clinical situations where a patient’s condition is concerning but not yet deteriorating, an intermediary Rapid Response Team (RRT) may be activated to facilitate early detection and management of at-risk patients. Pediatric Rapid response team implementation is associated with “reduction in hospital-wide mortality rate and code rate outside of the pediatric ICU”. UC Davis Medical Center has had preexisting RRTs, but prior to Fall 2020 did not have a pediatricspecific RRT for its Children’s Hospital. UCDMC is unique in that it is one of few major academic medical centers that does not have structural separation between the children- and adult-side of the hospital, and are instead housed within... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8fv6f1hz Thu, 5 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Tan, Amy Witkowski, Jessica McKnight, Heather https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8b78w3rr As of February 8th , 2021, there were a total of 26,761,047 cases of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the United States, with over 460,582 deaths. One population with increased susceptibility and high risk for serious illness is that of people experiencing homelessness. In order to effectively implement pandemic responses to COVID-19 within this community, lessons can be derived from the prior H1N1 pandemic (influenza A virus subtype H1N1). A necessary mode of healthcare delivery frequently described during the H1N1 pandemic was outreach medicine. Recommendations extrapolated from the homeless sector’s response during H1N1 include the need for an integrated approach, equitable distribution of resources, mitigation of the decreased use of drop-in services, the voice of the unhoused contributing to planning, and vaccination. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8b78w3rr Thu, 5 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Smith, Jordan Shaikh, Ulfat Agnoli, Alicia https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7rv3s0ct A novel model of pediatric glioma of H3F3A mutant and TP53 mutant cerebral organoids https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7rv3s0ct Thu, 5 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Torres, Shering Knoepfler, Paul https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7jb177g0 The contractility of the left ventricle (LV) is an important characterization of cardiac function and is oftenmeasured through dP/dtmax, defined as the maximum rate of left ventricular pressure change during isovolumetriccontraction. It can also be summarized globally by measurement of the left ventricular ejection fraction. Directmeasurement of left ventricular pressure is difficult as it involves invasive catheter placement, but other methodsof measuring dP/dtmax have been developed, such as echocardiographic analysis of the mitral regurgitation jet.While more convenient and less invasive, this method still has many limitations given inherent variability. Morerecently, several studies have used arterial pressure waveform analysis as a new method of determining dP/dtmax.Though more invasive, this modality is highly applicable in an operating room setting because many patientsalready have arterial catheters placed. Current evidence in literature is conflicted in regards to the... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7jb177g0 Thu, 5 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Tan, David Morey, Benjamin Applegate, Patricia Fleming, Neal https://escholarship.org/uc/item/74v0b5qh • Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which can range from mild symptoms to death from respiratory failure and multi-organ dysfunction.• Correctional facilities serve as a nidus for infection due to limited space from overcrowding which is further complicated by an increasingly elderly and sick inmate population.• California, which houses nearly 95,000 inmates, has the largest inmate population of any state in the US.• LY-CoV555, also known as bamlanivimab, has been shown to reduce viral load in patients as soon as within one week of administration. • This study reports data on inmate-patients who were offered LY-CoV555 therapy based on the EUA and clinical judgement of providers rounding on COVID patients at one correctional facility. • No data exists on the utilization of LY-CoV555 and outcomes associated with its use in a congregate setting. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/74v0b5qh Thu, 5 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Matharu, Kabir Westcott, Sarah https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6xw492dj <p>• Patients with unilateral congenital below elbow deficiency (UCBED) are born with a unilateral transverse deficiency at the level of the forearm.</p><p>• Based on previous studies, these patients have been shown to have milder than expected disability and their impairment is not reduced by using a prosthesis.</p><p>• This work resulted in changes in practice regarding prosthetic prescription for children with UCBED. However, it did not address the social stigma caused by this impairment, nor did it provide actionable information to improve the functional deficits that these children experience.</p><p>• Although PROMIS discerns UE function in other congenital arm differences, results for children with UCBED are not known.</p><p>• This study evaluates their responses to PROMIS Short Form Upper Extremity Function (UEF), Mobility, and Peer Relationships (PR) domains.</p> https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6xw492dj Thu, 5 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Shoghi, Azarin Bagley, Anita James, Michelle https://escholarship.org/uc/item/61p8111k <p>• In the United States, over 25 million individuals over the age of 5 speak English less than ‘very well’ with limited English proficiency (LEP). Of this group, more than 16 million individuals identify their preferred language as Spanish or Spanish Creole.</p><p>• Among Latino immigrants, those with LEP are less likely to receive mental healthcare services as compared to those with English proficiency (EP).</p><p>• A variety of Federal and state policies, including the Civil Rights Act of 1964, require that interpreter services be available to all LEP individuals.</p><p>• Professional interpreters are widely considered the best means of providing linguistically and culturally competent healthcare to patients with LEP. Use of interpretation services is proven more accurate, however, when providers are made to simplify their speech.</p><p>• This simplification includes shortening of phrases and avoidance of complex language, including idioms, jargon, humor and acronyms.</p><p>•... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/61p8111k Thu, 5 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Tougas, Hailee Yellowlees, Peter https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4pq144zt Short-term Outcomes of Therapeutic Hypothermia through Veno-Arterial Extra Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation for HIE and Severe PPHN https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4pq144zt Thu, 5 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Soniega, Jennie Alhassen, Ziad Gwal, Kriti Kenny, Laura Lakshminrusimha, Satyan https://escholarship.org/uc/item/45p0884m Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized pathologically by the presence of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) and amyloid beta aggregates in the brain. It was first described in 1906 by Alois Alzheimer, and it is currently the most common cause of dementia worldwide. This paper delves into the past, present, and future outlook for AD, focusing on historical microscopy &amp; staining advancements, disease heterogeneity, and improved neuropathological phenotyping through the use of machine learning. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/45p0884m Thu, 5 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Shakir, Mustafa Dugger, Brittany https://escholarship.org/uc/item/42v3f4np <p>Electroencephalogram (EEG) monitoring has the potential to become a robust tool to characterize anesthetic depth. The goal is to develop a streamlined neuromonitoring tool that would allow clinicians to make real-time assessments and to titrate anesthetic delivery. Anesthetic overdosing can cause postoperative delirium and mortality, while underdosing can cause intraoperative awareness and pain. Of particular interest is excessively deep anesthesia, which is reflected by a burst suppression pattern on EEG monitors. Fortunately, proprietary algorithms have been developed to transform the raw EEG waveforms into a dimensionless number that quantifies the patient’s level of consciousness. Examples of these monitors are the Bispectral Index (BIS) monitor and the Sedline monitor which produces patient state index (PSI) values.</p><p><strong>Question:</strong> How do the PSI (SedLine) and BIS perform in the setting of imminent burst suppression during general anesthesia?</p> https://escholarship.org/uc/item/42v3f4np Thu, 5 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Vo, Linda Kim-Lim, Penelope Jones, James Applegate, Richard, II Fleming, Neal https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3fj8d062 Therapy-resistant cancer cells can be targeted using novel cationic amphiphilic drugs such as HMA that induce lysosomal cell death. Parallel alteration of lysosomal protein Saposin B could sensitize cells to HMA, reducing off-target effects. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3fj8d062 Thu, 5 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Wheeler, Madelyn https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3041586k Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with an estimated heritability of 80%. The IL-17 family plays a central role in the mediation of inflammatory pathways, including psoriasis. The most well-studied of these, IL-17A, is a major pro-inflammatory cytokine. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3041586k Thu, 5 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Toussi, Atrin Merleev, Alexander Le, Stephanie Marusina, Alina Luxardi, Guillaume Tsoi, Lam Gudjonsson, Johann Maverakis, Emanual https://escholarship.org/uc/item/07k290bw Prostate cancer is the 2nd leading cause of cancer related deaths in men the USA. Although anti-androgen therapies have prevailed as treatments, resistance to anti-androgen therapies leads to metastasis resulting in high mortality. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/07k290bw Thu, 5 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Stefanson, Joshua Zhao, Jinge Gao, Allen https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0678q4b2 <p>• Perceived or real low milk production is a primary reason for undesired breastfeeding cessation.</p><p>• Stress involving cortisol dysregulation decreases milk production. Synthetic glucocorticoids administered during lactation transiently suppress milk production.</p><p>• ⍺-lactalbumin is a protein required for lactose synthesis.</p><p>• Glucocorticoids biphasically regulate ⍺-lactalbumin gene expression in culture.</p><p>• The mechanism by which endogenous or exogenous glucocorticoids affect milk production is not defined.</p> https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0678q4b2 Thu, 5 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Sadovnikova, Anna Mathews, Alice Trott, Josephine Garcia, Sergio Hovey, Russell https://escholarship.org/uc/item/95b0p6jb As wildfires and air pollution become more common across the United States, it is increasingly important to understand the burden they place on public health. Previous studies have noted relationships between air quality and use of emergency medical services (EMS), but until now these papers have focused on dayto-day air quality. Our goal is to investigate the effect of sustained periods of poor air quality on EMS call type and volume. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/95b0p6jb Mon, 25 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 McLeod, Alec Rose, John Murphy, Colin Hagwood, Garrett https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7d03m855 Ocular trauma is a leading cause of blindness in the United States. There have been studies of ocular trauma and penetrating injury, but few examining visual outcomes following gun related trauma to orbital and ocular structures. Furthermore, associations related to this type of trauma and visual outcomes has not been extensively studied. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7d03m855 Mon, 25 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Tang, Vincent De Niear, Matthew Lin, Lily https://escholarship.org/uc/item/740204fz Oligodendrogliomas most commonly occur in younger patients aged 20-54. Diagnosis of oligodendrogliomas in older adults is rare, with little known about the risk factors and clinical characteristics of oligodendrogliomas in older adults. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/740204fz Mon, 25 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Sharp, Michael https://escholarship.org/uc/item/71w2g980 • People experiencing homelessness (PEH) are a vulnerable population during the COVID-19 pandemic due to preexistingcomorbidities, transience, and distrust of the medical system.• Prior work has demonstrated that The Housing First (HF) model has led to more stable housing, increased outpatienttreatment and primary care physician (PCP) visits, and fewer emergency room visits and hospitalizations.• During the COVID-19 emergency response, hotel rooms across California were re-purposed to house PEH.• The Encampment Med Team, a group of volunteer medical students sworn in as Disaster Service Workers, employed agrassroots approach through routine site visits to encampment and street sites in Sacramento. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/71w2g980 Mon, 25 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Stull-Lane, Annica Lau, Kimberly Lieng, Monica Henderson, Stuart Wilkes, Michael Selcer, Raquel Hallare, Jericho Maneva, Andrew Talwar, Tanya Harter, Kirk Tang, Jason Asselin, Ellen Lowry, Christina Bastea, Silvia Jundi, Lillian Nikita Sanghavi, Nikita Matter, Karli Hill, Tess Adams, Erika Cushing, Corinne Janardhan, Nitya Kim, Duane De Leon, Fransia Mamoor, Azaam https://escholarship.org/uc/item/62x8x2c3 Prostate cancer affects up to 11% of men over their lifetime. PSA screening has poor specificity and sensitivity. Standard technique for prostate bx: transrectal ultrasonography and either a transrectal or transperineal needle approach + 12-core sampling. Prostate MRI can visualize aggressive prostate cancer, help decide the need for prostate biopsy. MRI can also assist performing a more efficient targeted biopsy. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/62x8x2c3 Mon, 25 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Arora, Aman Calderon, Alexandra S Shah, Nilang Evans, Christopher P Dall'Era, Marc A https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5zj9g57p Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with skeletal muscle dysfunction leading to decreased physical functioning. Reduced kidney function leads to impaired muscle mitochondrial oxidative capacity underlying poor physical performance. The link between muscle mitochondrial oxidative capacity and patient-reported vs. objective measures of physical activity (PA) remains unclear. Objective: Determine the association between in-vivo leg muscle mitochondrial capacity and self-reported PA and objective PA. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5zj9g57p Mon, 25 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Bae, Se Ri Youn Kim, Tae Gamboa, Jorge Vargas, Chenoa Liu, Sophia Patel, Kushang de Boer, Ian Kestenbaum, Bryan Roshanravan, Baback https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5k69c0b9 CDH is a congenital defect in the diaphragm causing herniation of abdominal contents and impaired lung growth. PTFE is a synthetic polymer that is the current standard of care for patch repair of CDH. Limitations: stiff, not biodegradable, no growth with the child leading to reherniation and repeated intervention. Polyurethane (PU) is a novel material that is elastic, biodegradable, and biocompatible, allowing for optimized lung mechanics and tissue integration. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5k69c0b9 Mon, 25 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Theodorou, Christina M Taylor, Alan Lee, Su Yeon Fu, Huikang Pivetti, Christopher D Zhang, Chaoxing Stasyuk, Anastasiya Hao, Dake Kumar, Priyadarsini Farmer, Diana L Liao, Jun Brown, Erin G Hong, Yi Wang, Aijun https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1gw690ng During the COVID-19 outbreak, there was a surge in overdose-related deaths with the CDC estimating a 38.4% increase in opioid-related deaths and a 26.5% increase in cocaine-related deaths during June 2019-May 2020, when compared to the 12 months prior1. With subsequent surveillance data confirming this trend, it is evident that COVID-19 had a unique impact on people who use drugs (PWUD). However, the psychosocial, socioeconomic, and biopolitical effects of the pandemic on PWUD are poorly understood. The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in disruptions to illicit drug supplies in Canada, leading to increased use of contaminated and variably potent substances2. With social distancing guidelines in place, syringe service programs were deemed non-essential in many areas, effectively cutting off the supply of safe injection materials while contaminated drugs circulated. Given this background, it is necessary to better understand the ways COVID-19 has impacted the health and behaviors of PWUD.... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1gw690ng Mon, 25 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Taylor, Arcadea Aqnoli, Alicia https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0rs467fw REACH (Reimagining Education to Advance central California Health) was established in 2018 and is a continuation of the former SJV Prime program (established in 2011). This Prime program was created to matriculate students with ties to the Central Valley who will train and return to underserved and underrepresented communities in the Valley. Our cohort is made up of seven natives from the Central Valley, ranging from Stockton to Bakersfield. Although we share the same preclinical curriculum with our class, our clinical training will be based in the Central Valley. Of note, we spent 4 weeks in the Central Valley getting hands-on experience. After finishing our first year, our cohort embarked on clinical, outreach, research, and mentoring efforts in the Modesto and Visalia areas of the Central Valley. This was a student-led effort to create meaningful experiences for us and the communities we met. We want to share our experience in Visalia as we teamed with an Emergency Medicine... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0rs467fw Mon, 25 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Ramos-Martinez, Adela Salazar, Daniel Torres, Jonathan Guzman, Omar https://escholarship.org/uc/item/026249nb Induction of labor (IOL) is the process by which medications or other methods are used to initiate labor in pregnant patients. Approximately 1 in 4 women in the United States are induced, up to 1 in 10 being induced for elective reasons. There are several approaches to IOL, which can vary based on the clinical context, the institution, as well as provider preference. It is unclear whether some methods or method combinations of IOL are of more benefit than others. At UC Davis, guidelines for approaching IOL are outlined but not completely standardized, leaving room for variabilities in practice, particularly in primipara patients (those giving birth for the first time). https://escholarship.org/uc/item/026249nb Mon, 25 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Calderon, Alexandra Mitchell, Keyon Bates, Katherine Esparza, Caitlin Mo, Lihong Swanson, Debra https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9r72t90t The COVID-19 pandemic has caused Americans to adjust to a new normal of quarantines, remote learning, and working from home. With nearly 45 million cases and 719,000 deaths since January 2020, the direct effects of the virus are more commonly known. Previous research has showed a positive correlation between societal and economic stressors and intimate partner violence. Related research has also found that rates of domestic violence increased significantly after environmental disasters. Recent articles have shown a significant increase in National Domestic Violence Hotline calls, as well as increases in selfreported intimate partner violence on surveys during the COVID-19 pandemic. Many have hypothesized that the societal and economic pressures of the COVID-19 pandemic would result in secondary effects that are less researched such as crime, interpersonal violence, and domestic violence. This study aims to investigate the incidence of violent injury encounters at the Community... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9r72t90t Mon, 18 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Koser, Sarah Wilson, Tyler Ramirez, Rene Ramirez, Gilbert https://escholarship.org/uc/item/96t8c2rn The Transforming Education and Community Health for Medical Students (TEACH-MS) was created 10 years ago with a specific aim towards preparing future physicians to practice primary care in urban underserved populations. Prior studies have explored curriculum changes within TEACH-MS. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/96t8c2rn Mon, 18 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Mahmood, Bilawal Adams, Chris Tran-Reina, Melody Ko, Michelle https://escholarship.org/uc/item/94t167qb <p>• Older adults have the highest incidence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) of any age-group.</p><p>• Patients aged 65 and older comprise 15% of the population and account for 50% of TBI deaths</p><p>• Few studies have examined risk factors of morbidity and mortality in elderly, TBI patients</p> https://escholarship.org/uc/item/94t167qb Mon, 18 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Rivera, Ernesto Martin, Ryan https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8t719544 <p><strong>Background:</strong> Studies have shown that there is increased risk of intrinsic acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) following an episode of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). An association between episodes of DKA and greater risk for future diabetic nephropathy has not previously been studied in children. This research project aims to investigate whether DKA, with its potential ability to induce lasting renal insult, incurs an increased risk of developing diabetic nephropathy.</p><p><strong> Methods:</strong> IRB approval was obtained at two sites, the UC Davis Medical Center and Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, for a retrospective study of all patients with a pediatric diagnosis of T1D who had ≥ 1 measure of microalbumin to creatinine ratio (MA:Cr) and had no history of non-diabetic renal disease. Data was collected on their history of DKA, all MA:Cr values, and diagnosis of microalbuminuria which served to reflect as our early marker... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8t719544 Mon, 18 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Ramesh, Janani Huang, Jia Pitts, Casey Loomba-Albrecht, Lindsey Myers, Sage Glaser, Nicole https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8t5288vp <p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Experts recognize that organizational self-assessments are crucial for the planning, implementation, and evaluation of programmatic activities for improving culturally and linguistically appropriate services (CLAS); however, to-date, the attitudes of organization leaders towards such comprehensive audits, as well as their experiences with developing plans to better meet National CLAS Standards, are not well understood.</p><p><strong>Objective:</strong> The study aimed to understand the value of the CLAS organizational assessment in planning and implementing CLAS and to also evaluate the mental health agency leaders’ attitudes towards the assessment. The study explored the actions that organizations are taking to operationalize the CLAS standards. Additionally, the impact of COVID-19 on organizational efforts to deliver CLAS was also investigated.</p><p><strong> Methods:</strong> A total of 12 participants in leadership positions, one from Solano... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8t5288vp Mon, 18 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Rodriguez Hernandez, Zuleica Aguilar-Gaxiola, Sergio https://escholarship.org/uc/item/88p9f1th Children undergoing microdirect laryngoscopy and bronchoscopy (MDLB) pose anesthetic challenges while providing a motionless surgical field without an endotracheal tube. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/88p9f1th Mon, 18 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Sarkar, Anita Nguyen, Lee Smith, Abigail Ravula, Niroop https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7x5841ff <p><strong>INTRODUCTION:</strong> To reduce the risk of complications, immediate surgical treatment of frontal sinus outflow tract (FSOT) fractures has been a standard practice. With surgical and technologic advances, conservative management (i.e. observation) of FSOT fractures has become more common. Unfortunately, complication rates with observation are unknown. This study evaluates these risks.</p><p><strong> METHODS:</strong> All FSOT injuries, between January 1, 2005, and May 1, 2019, were identified. Patient demographics, fracture patterns, surgical intervention, complications (major - CSF leak &amp; mucocele; minor – sinusitis), and long-term sequelae were recorded. FSOT fractures were classified as either “disrupted” (bony violation of the FSOT with residual patent tract) or “obstructed” (bony obstruction of the FSOT). Patients with follow up imaging &gt;90 days were included. Patients undergoing immediate surgical intervention were excluded.</p><p><strong> RESULTS:</strong>... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7x5841ff Mon, 18 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Cheema, Karmtej Sarhadi, Kamron Hwang, Joshua Dennis, Steven Steele, Toby Strong, E. Brad https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7x54z97b <p>• Epidemiologic investigation used to make policy changes and prevent future spread</p><p>• Timely and accurate investigation vital for staff and patient safety</p> https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7x54z97b Mon, 18 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Pannu, Gurjit Waldman, Sarah https://escholarship.org/uc/item/78g283j5 Chronic wounds remain a serious burden in our health system, with limited therapeutic options available to improve healing. Approximately 2.5 million people experience chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) in the U.S. alone, of which 20% develop venous leg ulcers (VLU). Venous leg ulcers (VLU) are among the most common etiologies of chronic wounds, accounting for approximately 70% of ulcers. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/78g283j5 Mon, 18 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Isseroff, Roslyn Dahle, Sara Link, Daniel Hedayati, Nasim Kaur, Ramanjot Yoon, Daniel Rizzo, Julianne https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6tq6p3r7 Despite advances in clinical and diagnostic medicine, heart failure (HF) is commonly misdiagnosed. This can lead to sub-optimal care and a decline in quality of life and in patient outcomes. Studies show that even patients diagnosed with HF don’t always receive optimal care. Guideline directed medical therapy (GDMT) is a wellestablished pharmaceutical framework to treat HFrEF that has shown clear mortality benefits. GDMT consists of initiating therapy with the following therapeutics before titrating to optimal dose:- β-Blockers (BB) - ACEi, ARB or ARNI - Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA). However, studies show that significant gaps in both usage and dosages of GDMT still exist. As such, we propose creating a cohort of UCD HF patients using discrete variables (i.e. BNP, LVEF) to improve HF detection and treatment. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6tq6p3r7 Mon, 18 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Yang, Benjamin K Gomez-Mustafa, Carlos Sandro Romero Sernas, Erick Henrique De Alcantara Rocha, Paulo Nicole Lucia, Allyson Meyers, Sharon Liem, David A Cadeiras, Martin https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6s70m9x1 <p>• Epidermal nevi (EN) are benign congenital skin lesions derived from a postzygotic mutation in a subset of pluripotential embryonic cells (mosaicism).</p><p>• The lesions tend to arrange in a whirlwind pattern representing the migration of the pluripotent cells, known as lines of Blaschko.</p><p>• The distribution and extent of EN varies greatly ranging from a single linear lesion to systemic involvement.</p><p>• More extensive lesions are highly associated with musculoskeletal and nervous system abnormalities, making up what is known as Epidermal Nevus Syndrome.</p><p>• Not only do the extent of the lesions vary greatly, but so do the underlying genetic mutations demonstrating the difficulties in defining a clear phenotype-genotype model.</p><p>• These mutations include FGFR3, PIK3CA, and HRAS</p> https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6s70m9x1 Mon, 18 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Meyer, Summer Awasthi, Smita Kiuru, Maija https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6s06z6bk Characterization of electrophysiological recordings during deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery is critical for anatomical targeting and is extensively utilized to investigate physiologic markers of Parkinson’s Disease (PD). 1,2 Transient improvement in clinical symptoms has been reported after microelectrode penetration, but the mechanism(s) underlying this improvement are not well understood. 3 DBS treatment leads to a suppression of the increased tonic firing rates of the Subthalamic Nucleus (STN) for PD. 4 Thus, we sought to determine the acute electrophysiologic effects of microelectrode penetration in the STN. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6s06z6bk Mon, 18 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Clark, Austin J Izadi, Ali Overton, Jacqueline O'Connor, Kevin N Gurkoff, Gene Saez, Ignacio Shahlaie, Kiarash https://escholarship.org/uc/item/43p6j57r <p><strong>Background:</strong> Stressors, both inherent to training and stemming from the learning environment, have left many health professions students (HPS) struggling with high rates of burnout, depression, and academic difficulties. Besides being problematic for HPS themselves, these problems have also been shown to affect patient outcomes. In light of these findings, psychological resilience is gaining traction as a promising area of intervention to counter those problems in health professional schools. To address gaps in the literature, the authors propose a multidimensional model of the social determinants of resilience in HPS that includes drivers and their relationship to adverse mental health and academic outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> The authors assessed the current literature for theories, interventions, and empirical evidence related to resilience and its associated variables in health professional students, distilling key drivers into a model inspired... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/43p6j57r Mon, 18 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Perry, Ross Sciolla, Adrés Rea, Margaret Jandrey, Karl Sandholt, Cara Rice, Elizabeth Yu, Allison Gluck, Ryan Iosif, Ana-Maria Wilkes, Michael https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3ws6f6jq Myocardial strain imaging using 2D-speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE) is a relatively new method for analyzing myocardial function. Myocardial strain measures the shortening of myocytes in three directions: longitudinally, circumferentially, and radially. While ejection fraction (EF) is a common measure of heart health, strain measurements are more sensitive to changes in ventricular function and thus can be used to detect subclinical cardiac abnormalities that may not be seen by EF measurements. Strain values for various chambers have implications for identifying and treating many different cardiomyopathies. Speckle-tracking echocardiography and tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) are the two primary methods for measuring strain using echocardiography. STE is more clinically relevant than TDI due to its ability to distinguish passive tethering from active contractility and its independence of ultrasound beam angle. Reliability of strain measurements from STE is not universally... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3ws6f6jq Mon, 18 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Patel, Bobby Reynolds, Maxwell Nguyen, Kim-Lien https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2jk7s3q5 <p>A small but significant portion of UCDMS inpatients have been medically cleared discharge but are unable to be placed for weeks to months.</p><p>Extended boarding in hospital beds is harmful to patients</p><p>• Patients are at risk for falls or hospital acquired infections.</p><p>• Hospital beds lack privacy and quiet offered by lower levels of care, which is especially unhealthy for patients with psychiatric or neurocognitive comorbidities.</p><p>Extended boarding in hospital beds is expensive and wasteful</p><p>• Care at UCDMC is significantly more expensive than at lower levels of care, so weeks or months spent at a higher than necessary level of care represents a significant and unnecessary expenditure of resources.</p><p>From January to December, 2019, there were 53 adult patients with LOS&gt;100 days. 17 of those patients were medically justified for staying that long and were discharged within a week of medical clearance. The rest, 36 patients, were discharged 13 to... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2jk7s3q5 Mon, 18 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Rosecrans, N. Campista, J.A. Patel, P. Tellez, G. Olson, C.R. Ponce, L. Signoff, E. Molla, M. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2025p3mv Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injuries are prevalent in the United States and are associated with poor quality of life and decreased physical activity. Use of surgical intervention for the treatment of ACL injuries carries a myriad of challenges for patients including but not limited to high cost of treatment as well as an increased risk of developing secondary osteoarthritis. Given these difficulties associated with the application of surgical intervention in the treatment of acute ACL tears, more and more patients are looking for less invasive, cost-effective treatment modalities including the application of autologous stem cell treatment. While physicians have begun to offer more autologous stem cell treatment modalities to patients who have experienced acute ACL tears, there is still a lack of quality research that demonstrates the efficacy of these therapies, thus indicating the need for more thorough studies that evaluate the effectiveness of this regenerative orthobiologic... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2025p3mv Mon, 18 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Hoeg, Tracy Bodor, Marko Ingwerson, Julie Haus, Brain Martin, Brendan Justine, Lily https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1wt7p87b <p>Background:</p><p>• Lungs are the most common site of metastasis for bone/soft tissue sarcoma.</p><p>• Regular lung metastasis staging studies are standard.</p><p>• American College of Radiology (ACR) recommends CT without contrast for staging since 2015.</p><p>Identified Quality Improvement Issue:</p><p>• At UC Davis there is a tendency to perform CT of the chest with contrast for routine staging.</p><p>• It is suspected that CTs ordered without contrast are replaced with contrast studies.</p><p>• The exact frequency of ordering CT of the chest with contrast is unknown.</p><p>Institutional Effect:</p><p>• There is unnecessary cost and procedure to both the patient and hospital.</p> https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1wt7p87b Mon, 18 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Priester, Jacob Thorpe, Steven Bateni, Cyrus Choi, Justin https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1r90p55m Pulse oximetry is a ubiquitous measurement in health care used to assess oxygen perfusion status and guide oxygen therapy. There is ongoing discussion as to whether pulse oximetry measurements are accurate in patients with darker skin colors. A recent study showed higher rates of occult hypoxemia in Black patients compared to White patients, based on selfreported race. This report triggered an FDA Safety Communication emphasizing the interpretation and limitations of pulse oximetry particularly in monitoring of patients with COVID-19 infections. Race is not binary. There is a wide range of graded skin colors. We investigated this issue by evaluating correlations between skin color and occult hypoxemia using a retrospective review and a more discriminating assessment of skin color. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1r90p55m Mon, 18 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Marlar, Audrey Knabe, Bradley Yusuf, Fatima Vonter, Neha Taghikhan, Yasamin Fleming, Neal https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1927k0vt <p>• Vitiligo patients were more likely to have a history of a solid-tumor, non-skin cancer and were more likely to have a history of more than 1 cancer type.</p><p>• Also, vitiligo patients had a higher likelihood of facing breast, ovary/uterus/cervix, and prostate cancers.</p><p>• Significantly decreased risks were noted for lung cancer.</p><p>• Patients with unilateral vitiligo were significantly more likely than those with bilateral vitiligo to have a history of a solid-tumor, non-skin cancer, skin cancer, or female breast cancer.</p><p>• Our study extends prior registry-based observations by controlling for known cancer risk factors.</p><p>• Future directions: Implications for cancer screening, mechanisms involved, time course of the vitiligo and cancer events, and connections to the effects of cancer immunotherapy treatments.</p> https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1927k0vt Mon, 18 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Roberts, Callie Huang, Victor https://escholarship.org/uc/item/16c1v90m The current coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has had a profound impact on patient care due to delays in healthcare delivery. We aim to compare wait times of definitive treatment in patients newly diagnosed with HNSCC before the pandemic versus those seen during the pandemic at a single academic institution. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/16c1v90m Mon, 18 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Sekhon, Harveen Faiq, Samya Frusciante, Roberto Solis, Roberto Birkeland, Andrew https://escholarship.org/uc/item/03q3q3tn <p>1. Quantify stride-to-stride variability in typically developing (TD) children using three-dimensional gait analysis (3DGA) in an expanded set of 14 kinematic variables.</p><p>2. Assess the effect of laterality, age, and sex on stride-to-stride variability</p> https://escholarship.org/uc/item/03q3q3tn Mon, 18 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Panesar, Paramjyot Bagley, Anita Kulkarni, Vedant https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8717299s Dermatomyositis (DM) is the most common idiopathic inflammatory condition defined by distinct skin manifestations and varying systemic manifestations. Due to its heterogeneity, the true prevalence is difficult to determine, but current estimates are between 1/10,000-50,000 persons. The cutaneous manifestations of dermatomyositis can be defined as: Pathognomonic: Gottron papules, Gottron sign, and heliotrope rash. Characteristic: nailfold changes, shawl sign, V-sign, Holster sign and scalp involvement. Compatible: poikiloderma, periorbital edema and facial swelling. Less common: vesiculobullous, necrotic or ulcerative lesions, cutaneous vasculitis, and calcinosis cutis. Rare: mechanic’s hands, flagellate erythema, deck chair sign, follicular hyperkeratosis, panniculitis, mucinosis, erythroderma, and oral mucosal changes. Nonspecific: Raynaud Systemic manifestations are variable, including myopathy, cardiopulmonary involvement, gastrointestinal disease, and malignancy. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8717299s Tue, 12 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Engel, Tess N. Roberts, Callie M. Tartar, Danielle M. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7n16x9t2 <p><strong>Purpose of Study:</strong> Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been associated with developmental delay and poor health outcomes in late childhood and adolescence. Health promoting practices such as breastfeeding and daily reading have been associated with lower rates of developmental delay. This study aims to investigate the association between early ACE exposure, protective health behaviors, and the diagnosis of developmental delay in early childhood.</p><p><strong>Methods Used:</strong> In this cross-sectional analysis of population-representative date from the 2017-2018 National Survey of Children’s Health, we examined the relationship between ACEs, prior breastfeeding, daily reading, and diagnosis of developmental delay among 7837 children aged 3-5 years, using multivariate logistic regression to adjust for family, personal (i.e. premature birth, or low birth weight), and sociodemographic characteristics.</p><p><strong>Summary of Results:</strong> We found... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7n16x9t2 Tue, 12 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Nivens, Carleigh Hoyt-Austin, Adrienne Schwarz, Eleanor https://escholarship.org/uc/item/75k225gp OCTA is a non-invasive technique that can image blood flow in the retina and choroid in 3 dimensions. Commercially, the instrument automatically segments the vasculature into 2 separate layers, but histologically, there are 3 different layers of blood vessels. My summer project was focused on determining the reliability and repeatability of the vascular flow density in the intermediate capillary plexus (ICP) layer using OCTA in normal eyes and eyes with cystoid macular edema (CME) and retinal vasculopathy. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/75k225gp Tue, 12 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Nguyen, Michael Park, Susanna https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6tm4g3v1 Dermatologists perform total body skin exams (TBSEs) for 81% of new patients. To date, there exists little research on the effect of body mass index on the likelihood of receiving TBSEs. Many factors including implicit bias regarding obesity, mobility issues, and patient preferences may affect the care patients with obesity receive and may have impacts on health outcomes such as rates of missed skin cancers. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6tm4g3v1 Tue, 12 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Green, Xochitl Murphrey, Morgan Huang, Victor https://escholarship.org/uc/item/69c0s5hx <p>• Family Planning Access to Care and Treatment (FPACT) provides family planning services to uninsured Californians living at or below 200% of the Federal Poverty Level.</p><p>• Rural communities have higher rates of unintended pregnancies and may face barriers to acquiring emergency contraception (EC).</p> https://escholarship.org/uc/item/69c0s5hx Tue, 12 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Ong, Allison Castro, Astred Franco, Carina Nickols, Savanna Le, Kathy Srinivasan, Sanghavi Schwarz, Eleanor https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5cg657bq UC Davis Health has a "Blackout Flag" policy (1190) that is used in trauma care settings to restrict visitors from the patient. The policy's intended goal is to protect patients from potential harmful visitors, especially in ongoing investigations. This policy may impair history taking and well-informed treatments because it restricts knowledge provided by visitors and loved ones. Often placed by police, this policy may be disproportionally applied to patients from marginalized backgrounds and may perpetuate medical distrust. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5cg657bq Tue, 12 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Wodecki, Drew Osowiecki, Ilana Adams, Christy Vadlaputi, Pranjali Johnson, Tiffani Buggs, Shani Siefkes, Heather https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4tf2n8p6 <p><strong>Objectives:</strong> Latino individuals report high rates of childhood trauma, but the impact of parenting styles on childhood maltreatment (CM) in this population is unknown. This study examined the association between CM and parental bonding (PB) among adult Mexican Americans and Mexican nationals seeking services at primary care and mental health clinics on both sides of the California-Mexico border.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and Parental Bonding Instrument were administered to 516 patients at one of 8 clinics in San Diego and Imperial, CA and Tijuana, Mexico between 2007 and 2008. Statistical analyses included Chi-square tests and multivariable logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> Among respondents, 305 reported moderate to severe CM and 210 reported mild or no CM. PB style of mothers [N=503, χ2 (3)=115.69, p &lt; .001] and fathers [N = 417, χ2 (3)=70.4, p &lt; .001] was significantly associated with CM history.... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4tf2n8p6 Tue, 12 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Monasch, Erika Postlethwaite, Alejandra Iosif, Ana Maria Sciolla, Andres https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4qz649d9 •Patients suffering from burns often require multiple follow up appointments.•Burns can lead to sequelae such as scars, contractures, infections, and physical and psychological distress, all of which can lead to challenges in social interaction and self-perception.•Studies in other areas of medicine have shown that lack of higher education, tobacco use, distance, and insurance type are factors associated with fewer follow ups attended. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4qz649d9 Tue, 12 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Karashchuk, Irina Solomon, Eve Greenhalgh, David Sen, Soman Palmieri, Tina Romanowski, Kathleen https://escholarship.org/uc/item/40d5j6tc The US Census Bureau reports that 15.8% are living at or below the federal poverty level. Additionally, 6.1% of Sacramento County residents under the age of 65 are without health insurance. California’s Family Planning Access Care and Treatment (Family PACT) program was established to ensure that California residents living at or below 200% of the Federal Poverty Level and who do not qualify for health services under Medi-Cal have access to desired contraceptive services (Early, 2018). However, a 2018 study on the availability of long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) provided by Family PACT clinics in Los Angeles County found that of the 336 clinics listed on the Family PACT program website, only 284 were currently participating in Family PACT. Of those clinics that were currently participating in Family PACT, only 61% were able to provide LARC onsite (Natavio, 2018). Since that time, the Family PACT program has issued new guidance instructing all participating clinics to... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/40d5j6tc Tue, 12 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Nickols, Savanna Castro, Astred Franco, Carina Ong, Allison Willow, Elena Schwarz, Eleanor https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2qv1v3qk <p>The Theory of Mind (ToM) refers to the ability to assign mental states to oneself and others. The development of this social cognitive ability is a major issue in people with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Although we understand what the impairment consists of on a psychological level, how and why this deficit manifests on a physiologic level remains elusive. Current treatment of the ASD remains primarily psychological with a heavy emphasis on behavioral therapy. A deeper understanding of the neurophysiologic mechanisms and neural networking in ToM cognition can bring us closer to adapting neuromodulatory advancements for the treatment of behavioral deficits in ASD.</p><p>The majority of physiologic research in ToM comes from neural imaging, namely fMRI. These fMRI studies point to the temporal parietal junction (TPJ), the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and the anterior and posterior cingulate cortex (ACC/PCC) as primary components of ToM networking. The downfall of fMRI... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2qv1v3qk Tue, 12 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Garza, Nicholas Girgis, Fady https://escholarship.org/uc/item/27t992p2 Asian Americans make up 6% of the total United States population but account for up to 58% of individuals with Chronic Hepatitis B(CHB)1 . While guidelines are given for disease screening and management, there remains a gap between screening and linkage to care for those with limited resources or language barriers.&nbsp;The purpose of this study was to describe Paul Hom Asian Clinic’s protocol for Hepatitis B (HBV) screening and follow-up, characterize the population screened, and analyze clinical outcomes of the affected population. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/27t992p2 Tue, 12 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Kong, Shana Tak, Hannah Lau, Alvin Sayaseng, Katherine Yan, Anna Huangfu, Goushuai Pauly, Mary P. Jan, Ronald https://escholarship.org/uc/item/14k3g0tj <p>• Nationally, students in their pre-clerkship years have been abruptly transitioned to a mostly or entirely virtual educational experience. In this research study, we explored the impacts of this radical and sudden change on medical student well-being.</p><p>• How does the COVID-19 pandemic affect this already staggeringly high burn-out rate? To our knowledge, this question has not been thoroughly explored in the literature.</p><p>• We hypothesized that the sudden changes in medical education—including the loss of many timed and anticipated traditions, such as physical exam sessions, shadowing, and preceptorships— may potentially have negative effects on the mental health of medical students.</p> https://escholarship.org/uc/item/14k3g0tj Tue, 12 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Ovruchesky, Eric Shah, Nilang Maheshwary, Romir Jones, William Jain, Sharad https://escholarship.org/uc/item/01w9g83t Exosomal MicroRNAs from Mesenchymal Stem/stromal Cells: Biology and Applications in Neuroprotection https://escholarship.org/uc/item/01w9g83t Tue, 12 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Nasirishargh, Aida Kumar, Priyadarsini Ramasubramanian, Lalithasri Clark, Kaitlin Hao, Dake Lazar, Sabrina Wang, Aijun https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8th896bp <p>• Botswana has a very high HIV-prevalence rate (&gt;20%)</p><p>• 75% of HIV-related CM deaths occur in Sub-Saharan Africa</p><p>• 1-year survival rate for CM is 35% in Botswana</p><p>• HIV is a major risk factor for CM, although the cause of high-incidence of HIV-associated CM is multifactorial</p> https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8th896bp Thu, 7 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Madiba, Sally Schwanke Khilji, Sara https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8gx4f174 Stem cell therapy has emerged as a valuable tool for the treatment of numerous diseases, including those driven by neurodegenerative processes. There are a wide variety of stem cells that have been identified for therapeutic use, including but not limited to embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs), and neural stem cells. In recent years, placental mesenchymal stem cells have been identified as a unique source of therapy that are relatively less difficult to acquire and don’t pose the same ethical concerns regarding harvest and use. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8gx4f174 Thu, 7 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Nagra, Kiran https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7r12r6th <p>• Isotretinoin (13-cis-retinoic acid) is a retinoid or vitamin A derivative widely used to treat severe acne vulgaris.</p><p>• Decreases sebum production and prevents comedo formation.</p><p>• Isotretinoin use is associated with a variety of toxicities: developmental, cutaneous, musculoskeletal, etc.</p><p>• including hyperosteosis and premature epiphyseal closure at high doses.&nbsp;</p><p>• No studies examining pediatric growth in patients treated with isotretinoin at doses appropriate for severe, recalcitrant acne vulgaris treatment.</p> https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7r12r6th Thu, 7 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Lu, Brian Notay, Manisha Awasthi, Smita https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7j9018pz <p>• Approximately two million hospital readmissions occur annually and cost Medicare nearly $26 billion dollars.</p><p>• The Neuro R 2 score was designed by the Mayo Clinic to predict the risk of readmission within 30 days of recent hospitalization in patients with neurological disorders and based on common clinical characteristics.</p><p>• It remains unknown whether the prediction model is broadly applicable, particularly when incorporating patient characteristics strongly associated with healthcare disparities.</p> https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7j9018pz Thu, 7 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Massie, Matt Black, Daniel Ng, Kwan Yee, Alan https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7930d3hj Delirium is an acute, fluctuating condition with an alteration in level of consciousness associated with inattention and disorganized thinking, significantly impacting mortality, morbidity and hospital length of stay. Delirium is the most common complication afflicting hospitalized patients ages 65 years and older, affecting more than 2.6 million older adults each year in the United States. 1 This study will evaluate the effects of the total time spent in the emergency department (ED), the number of times a patient is moved from one bed space to another during their ED stay, the number of hours a patient spends boarding after admission orders have been placed, on the development of delirium as an inpatient. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7930d3hj Thu, 7 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Maeda, Meg Mumma, Bryn Tyler, Katren https://escholarship.org/uc/item/78t6043z <p>-<em>Neisseria gonorrhaeae</em> (NG) and <em>Chlamydia trachomatis</em> (CT) are the two most common sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the United States and increasing steadily with over 500,000 and 1.7 million cases in 2018, respectively.</p><p>-Standard of care for NG/CT diagnosis is testing with a nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) and sample collection via provider-performed endocervical sampling (PPES).</p><p>-PPES can add significant delay in a busy emergency department (ED) setting in which exam room and/or provider availability is limited.</p><p>-Prior research in non-emergency department settings on self-obtained vaginal swabs (SOVS), where the patient collects their own vaginal sample using the NAAT swab, has shown favorable results. However, another study has shown a patient preference for PPES over VSS.</p><p>-If VSS was found to have noninferior sensitivity compared to PPES in the ED, with good patient acceptability, this would allow for earlier collection... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/78t6043z Thu, 7 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Chinnock, Brian Yore, Mackensie Mason, Jessica Kremer, Mallory Farshidpour, Leyla Lopez, Diana Castaneda, Jannet https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6z61q0g4 <p>• Damage control laparotomy with subsequent open abdomen can have significant complications, including inability to achieve fascial closure and an open abdomen</p><p>• Ventral hernias, enterocutaneous fistulas, and intra-abdominal abscesses (IAA) are known complications of open abdomens</p><p>• There is minimal data regarding predictors of intra-abdominal abscesses</p> https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6z61q0g4 Thu, 7 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Mahdavi, Sarah Coleman, Lauren Theodorou, Christina Anaya, Diego Zakaluzny, Scott Cocanour, Christine