http://www.rssboard.org/rss-specification 720 https://escholarship.org/uc/aapinexus/rss Recent eScholarship items from AAPI Nexus: Policy, Practice and Community Fri, 15 May 2026 08:00:59 +0000 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9zg3t1bg Scrimping + Saving documents the complexity of financial health within the diverse and growing Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) community, detailing the influence of factors such as generational status, ethnicity, age, and technological familiarity. The findings and recommendations from this research are critical to asset-building practitioners serving AAPI communities, as well as to financial institutions and policy makers. In particular, the findings serve a critical role in articulating the need for further investment in culturally competent education and services, and capitalizing on models that enhance social networks as a vehicle for building individual and community financial capability. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9zg3t1bg Mon, 22 May 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Pisnanont, Joyce Duong, Jane Condon, Alvina Cruz-Viesca, Melany De La Pech, Chhandara Ong, Paul M. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9w68z20j The Other Side of the Model Minority Coin https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9w68z20j Mon, 22 May 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Kagawa-Singer, Marjorie https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9737d8sp This study addressed whether or not the increasing reliance on data-driven decision making stands to improve policy efforts to address challenges faced by Asian American and Pacific Islander communities. In doing this, this study examined those who identified as Native Hawaiian in the U.S. Census data and further disaggregated this sample by ancestry and geographic location to test whether there are variations within this population across socioeconomic indicators. The findings suggest that while further data disaggregation can sharpen policy making to address patterns of socioeconomic inequalities, disaggregation alone is still insufficient for fully capturing the complexity of human experiences that reinforce those disparities. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9737d8sp Mon, 22 May 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Chang, Mitchell J. Nguyen, Mike Hoa Chandler, Kapua L. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9707h9fz While the Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) population is one of the fastest-growing college student populations, there is very little known about their situated experiences within community colleges, which is the sector of higher education where they are mostly likely to be enrolled. Community colleges are a particularly important sector in higher education for low-income AAPI students who are the first in their families to attend college. This study describes the financial vulnerability of low-income AAPI students, how their financial circumstances intersect with other aspects of their lived experiences, and how students describe the choices they make to navigate competing demands in their lives. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9707h9fz Mon, 22 May 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Teranishi, Robert T. Alcantar, Cynthia M. Nguyen, Bach Mai Dolly https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9059z59s Housing counseling agencies (HCAs) in the Minneapolis-St. Paul area have served as important resources for homeowners at risk of foreclosure. However, Asian American–serving HCAs have experienced increased segmentation in the nonprofit sector and also among HCAs because of language assistance. Using interviews with foreclosure counselors, this study finds that HCAs that provide Asian-language assistance experience similar challenges as other HCAs, but are also at a disadvantage in resources and capacity compared to other HCAs. The study has implications for how to better serve immigrant homeowners with language needs, particularly because they require more time and resources. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9059z59s Mon, 22 May 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Lee, C. Aujean https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8dt022jg While much research exists on African Americans and Latinos after the housing crisis in 2007, much less is known about the Asian American experience particularly as it relates to foreclosure and housing burden. This study takes a quantitative case study approach examining Asian Americans in one region of Los Angeles County. Utilizing data from the Census, Home Mortgage Foreclosure Data, and Data-Quick, we provide a more comprehensive picture of the Asian American housing experience before, during and after the housing boom in 2005. Findings show that Asian Americans’ decline in homeownership could not be explained by foreclosure. In fact, Asian Americans may have avoided foreclosure in this region using higher down payments, avoiding subprime loans, and loans with variable interest. A potential cost of these actions is higher housing burden, which is closely related to default and foreclosure. Thus, policymakers and community leaders should continue to monitor Asian American homeownership... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8dt022jg Mon, 22 May 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Patraporn, R. Varisa Tran, Linda Diem Ong, Paul M. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7nh1q4h1 After the onset of the Great Recession that began in 2008, many social progressives and others disenchanted with unregulated corporate capitalism have been significantly interested in exploring workplace democracy through worker-owned cooperatives and other tools. This article focuses on one nonprofit organization—Sapna NYC—that works with South Asian American women in the Bronx. The article will discuss the agency’s adaptive and evolving work that recognizes the holistic health impacts of socioeconomic status and has come up with a novel approach to support participants in building worker-owned cooperative businesses that they own and control. This article will discuss the intended health, economic, and social impacts of the project, as well as the challenges, opportunities, questions, and implications of the agency’s worker cooperative incubation program for South/Asian American communities and community organizations throughout the United States. The article suggests how Sapna... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7nh1q4h1 Mon, 22 May 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Khandhar, Parag Rajendra Zaman, Moumita https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6xx3806r Despite nearly 12 million Asian Americans living in the United States and continued immigration, this increasingly substantial subpopulation has consistently been left out of national obesity studies. When included in national studies, Chinese-American children have been grouped together with other Asian Americans, Pacific Islanders or simply as “other,” yielding significantly lower rates of overweight and obesity compared to non-Asians. There is a failure to recognize the ethnic diversity of Asian Americans as well as the effect of acculturation. Results from smaller studies of Chinese American youth suggest that they are adopting lifestyles less Chinese and more Americans and that their share of disease burden is growing. We screened 142 children from the waiting room of a community health center that serves primarily recent Chinese immigrants for height, weight and demographic profile. Body Mass Index was calculated and evaluated using CDC growth charts. Overall, 30.1 percent... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6xx3806r Mon, 22 May 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Matloff, Robyn Greenfield Brugge, Doug Lee, Angela C. Tang, Roland https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6tw8m6fq Heavy alcohol use and its related consequences are seen as a top public health issue affecting college students. One of the major consequences of heavy alcohol use is unplanned and unprotected sexual activity which places college students at risk for HIV/AIDS. Little is known about the prevalence of alcohol use and sexual activity among Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) college students. The Asian American Drug Abuse Program, Inc. (AADAP) sought to investigate the prevalence of alcohol use and its related problems among this population. The objectives of this exploratory study are twofold: (1) to examine the alcohol and other drug use, HIV-risk behaviors, and attitudes toward seeking services among AAPI college students, and (2) to recommend key strategies for a substance abuse and HIV/AIDS prevention program tailored to AAPI college students. With a convenience sample of 1,043 AAPI college students, we found that 75.7 percent of students currently drink alcohol with... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6tw8m6fq Mon, 22 May 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Shimatsu, Jeanne Wat, Eric C. Lui, Camillia https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6m7562zn This study discusses the empirical evidence regarding the direction of Asian American banks’ evolution in light of the recent financial crisis and other challenges associated with the increasing competition from large mainstream financial institutions in ethnic niche markets. Specifically, the study focuses on the evolution of Chinese and Korean banking and its role in Asian neighborhoods during the past decade in Los Angeles and New York, the two U.S. metropolitan areas with the largest concentrations of Asian population and Asian-owned banks. Findings indicate that Asian banks have been able to sustain their presence and activities in coethnic communities in the face of the challenges associated with increasing competitive environments and the volatility of the financial market. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6m7562zn Mon, 22 May 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Zonta, Michela https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5mz4x9xh This article presents the work of AARP and the economic security of the Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) community fifty years and older. The authors recognize the lack of existing AAPI data, but with the results from a recent AARP study the article lends a nuanced perspective of economic security for two specific ethnic groups: Chinese Americans and Filipino Americans. The use of AARP’s survey fills a gap in existing data sets. With this study, it’s evident that AAPIs are not all economically secure, and more disaggregated data is needed to further understand their current state of finances, and needs and wants, in order to contribute to a higher quality of life for aging AAPIs. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5mz4x9xh Mon, 22 May 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Kwok, Daphne Tanap, Ryann https://escholarship.org/uc/item/50r8h23t Researchers, service providers, and policymakers must uncover and better understand the issues facing youths in Asian gangs in order to most effectively intervene with appropriate policies and programs. The present investigation sampled young male Filipino gang members in Hawai’i. Thematic analyses of the focus group data challenge the commonly held view of racial harmony in Hawai’i. It appears that racial and social discrimination from peers and authority figures propel Filipino boys to seek out gang membership as a way to protect themselves from being targets of oppression. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/50r8h23t Mon, 22 May 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Kim, Su Yeong Benner, Aprile D. Takushi, Rena Mae Nalani Ongbongan, Kathleen Dennerlein, Donna Spencer, Deborah K. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4wp021rp Over the past twenty years, the federal government has spentmore than $8 trillion through the tax code to help households save, invest, and build wealth. However, an overwhelming majority of this tax spending has gone to the wealthiest Americans who hardly need the support to build more wealth. Since 1994, the federal government’s massive spending on asset building has more than doubled, and there are no signs of it slowing down. This upside-down tax system perpetuates the widespread wealth inequality we are seeing in this country, and it exacerbates the racial wealth gap that is holding back so many Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders (AAPIs) and other households of color. This paper will (1) illustrate how the tax code plays a role in widening the racial wealth gap for AAPIs and other communities of color, (2) explain how current asset-building tax programs are missing an opportunity to boost the wealth of low-income AAPIs and other communities of color, and (3) propose legislative... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4wp021rp Mon, 22 May 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Greer, Jeremie Duong, Jane Levin, Ezra https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4nm6z16b Asian American and Pacific Islander Wealth Inequality and Developing Paths to Financial Security https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4nm6z16b Mon, 22 May 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Lee, C. Aujean Hasegawa, Lisa De La Cruz-Viesca, Melany Ong, Paul M. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4b0855k0 In 2012, the Pew Research Center issued a much-anticipated report: The Rise of Asian Americans. Census data and an original survey of Asian Americans were analyzed focusing on what Pew described as “milestones of economic success and social assimilation” (Pew Research Center, 2012b, 1) The mainstream media, taking their cues from Pew, generally accepted uncritically the portrait of success and assimilation—what a Pew executive vice president dubbed as the “good news” about Asian Americans. In contrast, with remarkable speed and unity, diverse sectors of the Asian American community—academics, activists, journalists, organizations, politicians, and so forth—rose up to an unprecedented extent to criticize aspects of the Pew report. Their objections centered to a modest degree on the substance and methodology of the report. The bulk of the criticism was on Pew’s framing of the data. In presenting the data, Pew employed a tiresome and discredited model minority characterization accompanied... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4b0855k0 Mon, 22 May 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Watanabe, Paul Y. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3f87c8v6 The 01/01/2008 election was a milestone in the emergence of Asian Americans as a factor in American politics, with national television news networks openly discussing and analyzing California’s Asian American voters. Most mainstream analysis, however, had very little in-depth understanding of the population. This essay provides some insights into the absolute and relative size of the Asian American population, along with key demographic characteristics, their participation in electoral politics, some of the barriers the encounter, and future prospects. The brief is based on analyzing the most recently available data, the 2006 American Community Survey (ACS) and the 2006 November Current Population Survey (CPS). This analysis builds on a previous analytical brief which examined the emergence of Asian Americans as California politics’ new “sleeping giant,” a term that was applied to Hispanics in the 1980s and 1990s because of their rapid growing numbers. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3f87c8v6 Mon, 22 May 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Ong, Paul M. Cruz-Viesca, Melany dela Nakanishi, Don T. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/274005pb This article contributes to the literature on the stratification of Asian American homeowners by systematically measuring the foreclosure rates of multiple Asian American ethnic groups, Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islanders, and other racial groups in Orlando, Florida, and Phoenix, Arizona. Using novel data and methods, Korean and Vietnamese homeowners are estimated to experience foreclosure rates as high as those of blacks and Latinos, disparities hitherto obscured by more modest foreclosure rates among Asian American borrowers overall. The results suggest greater attention should be paid to the recent Sunbelt settlement of Korean and Vietnamese Americans to better understand why they were devastated by the housing crisis. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/274005pb Mon, 22 May 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Rough, Jacob S. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/21n9s189 This paper highlights the findings of a multicity pilot project that the National Coalition of Asian Pacific American Community Development implemented in partnership with Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI)–serving community-based organizations in Los Angeles, Chicago, New York, and Houston. This partnership with all four organizations represents the largest lending-circle pilot project to date in the AAPI community. Over the course of one year, we tested a program model that integrated financial education training and individualized coaching with immigrant integration services such as English as a Second Language, citizenship classes, parenting classes, and workforce readiness. Clients were also offered an opportunity to access Lending CirclesSM, a peer-lending financial product, as a vehicle for helping to improve savings habits while also building credit. This essay will discuss recommendations for replication by other community-based organizations and practitioners. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/21n9s189 Mon, 22 May 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Pisnanont, Joyce Duong, Jane Hossain, Imtiaz Lau, Ben Pyeatt, Lucy Yoon, Hee Joo https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1dw326zc This article uses data from the American Housing Survey to examine Asian American wealth through home equity, which is the most important asset held by many households. We also analyze ethnic variations in housing assets and the impact of the Great Recession on subgroups. Our analysis finds that non-Hispanic whites had greater equity than Asian Americans after adjusting for geographic differences; Chinese-born Asians have the highest and Philippine-born and Southeast Asians have the lowest home equity within ethnic variations; and the recession impacted all Asian subgroups, but affected Philippine-born Asians the most. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1dw326zc Mon, 22 May 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Pech, Chhandara Chhea, Jenny Ong, Paul M. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0zv3c3br This article examines the impact of the MyPath Savings pilot on 274economically disadvantaged youth participating in a youth development and employment program in San Francisco, California, with a subsample analysis of Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) participants. My-Path Savings targets youth earning their first paycheck to promote savings and connect youth with mainstream financial products. AAPI youth experienced significant increases in financial knowledge, financial self efficacy, and the frequency with which positive financial behaviors were carried out. AAPI participants also saved an average of $566 through My-Path Savings. Gains in financial capability were mostly independent of the youths’ race, gender, household income, and public benefits receipt. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0zv3c3br Mon, 22 May 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Loke, Vernon Choi, Laura https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0ng378k2 The National Asset Scorecard for Communities of Color (NASCC) survey was developed to supplement existing national data sets that collect data on household wealth in the United States, but rarely collect data that is disaggregated by specific national origin. This paper begins with an examination of the importance of differentiating wealth and income, followed by a second section summarizing the methodology, and a third part analyzing the wealth position of various communities of color. For the first time, we are able to demonstrate differences in wealth across multiple Asian ethnic groups. The NASCC findings reveal that major disparities in wealth accumulation exist across certain racial and ethnic groups. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0ng378k2 Mon, 22 May 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Cruz-Viesca, Melany De La Hamilton, Darrick Darity, William A., Jr. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0904j050 Pacific Islanders experience enduring and growing poverty in the United States, yet our understanding of their financial distress and needs is limited. Financial institutions, government agencies, and community based organizations in areas with large Pacific Islander communities need better information with which to develop tailored programs, improve outreach and education, and improve economic security for these and other underserved populations. This paper describes the results from a unique in-language survey that asked detailed questions regarding the financial knowledge, status, and needs of Pacific Islanders, including poverty and wealth questions beyond those in the Census, in Los Angeles, Orange, and San Diego counties of Southern California. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0904j050 Mon, 22 May 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Tanjasiri, Sora Park Takahashi, Lois Sablan-Santos, Lola https://escholarship.org/uc/item/99n4n6mv With the passage of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996, welfare recipients are faced with new work requirements and sanctions, including a five-year time limit on receiving public assistance. Due to difficulties in adjustment to American society and lack of human capital for the labor market, Asian immigrants and refugees face obstacles transitioning from welfare to work. The majority of individuals in the San Francisco Bay Area who have reached the five-year time limit since January 2003 are of Asian descent. Without adequate welfare-to-work services, restrictions and time limits are leaving many Asian recipients without the proficiencies required for employment, as well as without the cash assistance needed for survival. Using a qualitative study approach by conducting three focus groups with Asian welfare recipients in the San Francisco Bay Area, findings of this study indicate that existing welfare-to-work programs do not meet the unique... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/99n4n6mv Wed, 8 Feb 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Chow, Julian Chun-Chung Osterling, Kathy Lemon Xu, Qingwen https://escholarship.org/uc/item/88404876 Over the last quarter century, many Asian American Studies (AAS) programs have gradually gained academic legitimacy within universities as part of the movement for Ethnic Studies. The pressures of fighting for legitimacy in a system where research, not community-based work, is rewarded mean that the growing institutionalization of AAS has made the majority of programs and courses less accessible to communities. This article calls for AAS to take a more active, practical, and broader approach in reaching out to Asian Pacific Americans (APA) in our community, especially the underserved who face several obstacles in achieving their goals due to lack of access, lack of education, and discrimination. Asian American Studies now devotes a smaller share of its growing resources to community-orientated and community-based courses than at its inception, exacerbating the divide between the university and APA communities. Asian American Studies must return to its roots as a social agent in... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/88404876 Wed, 8 Feb 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Cruz, Melany dela Leung, Loh-Sze https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7cj832c4 Today’s changing political and economic environment requires new strategies and collaborations in order to effectively advocate for the rights of garment workers. Globally, a major restructuring of apparel production is anticipated in 2005, which will further enable apparel retailers and manufacturers to move production to countries offering the lowest labor costs. California could lose more than half of its industry, leaving 50,000 immigrants unemployed. Workforce development is a possible way to help transition garment workers into better jobs. The article reflects upon the experiences of Chinese garment workers with the workforce development system, and points out that workforce development alone is not enough to confront the challenges facing garment workers in the global economy. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7cj832c4 Wed, 8 Feb 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Mak, Karin Meng, Grace https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6mc035wr This article examines the complexity of the debate around the temporary worker visa known as the H-1B program for highly skilled foreign nationals. The debate against the H-1B visa program has been dominated by what feminist economist Naila Kabeer has argued are “coalitions of ‘powerful losers’ in the north seeking to claw back the gains made from international trade by ‘weak winners’ in the south” (Kabeer 2002). I argue that these metaphors are resonant in the debate over the H-1B visa program, where displaced American Information Technology (IT) workers conflate the role of Indian H-1B workers as both vulnerable victims of corporate greed and menacing threats to national prosperity and security, reinforcing both symbolic and institutional racism against this new category of Asian immigrant worker. Based on interviews with over 100 Indian H-1B workers, this paper challenges many of the assumptions about “indentured servitude,” and my findings suggest alternate policy alternatives... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6mc035wr Wed, 8 Feb 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Chakravartty, Paula https://escholarship.org/uc/item/63g3k9m5 The welfare reform law of August 1996 signed by President Bill Clinton put an end to immigrants’ eligibility of federal means tested entitlements. The rollbacks on welfare are the most drastic for older, low-income Asian immigrants who are on Supplemental Security Income. The article’s focus is in on national Asian American organizations who are involved in this political debate. The central question discuss is how did national Asian American organizations characterize and affect the 1996 federal welfare reform and immigrant debate. The selection of organizations that was studied and the findings of that investigation, along with the assessment of its effectiveness and the resources barriers they face are discussed. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/63g3k9m5 Wed, 8 Feb 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Yoo, Grace J. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5zg8j2px To Serve, Help Build, and Analyze https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5zg8j2px Wed, 8 Feb 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Ong, Paul Nakanishi, Don https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5xf155fw AAPI Labor Market Status and Challenges https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5xf155fw Wed, 8 Feb 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Woo, Deborah Ong, Paul https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4cf5z5p0 This article talks about the formation of communities and its implications. Little Tokyo is pointed out as an example of a community borne out as a result of a segregationist US society. During World War II there was a dramatic decline in the construction of Little Tokyo since Japanese people were put into interment camps. There is a dramatic shift of the function of Little Tokyo before the war and after the war. Post-WW II demonstrates“paradox dispersal” because as the ethnic population was no longer heavily concentrated in one area the historic Little Tokyo communities assumed a new importance as they are regarded as a symbol ethnic identity and community. The power struggle in the community is part of a broader political, economic, and cultural issue. Three forces are responsible for shaping the history of community development in Little Tokyo: Japanese corporations, the region’s elite development regimes, and local Japanese American organizations. Post WW II “urban renewal”... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4cf5z5p0 Wed, 8 Feb 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Toji, Dean S. Umemoto, Karen https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3tz2q2dq Asian American/Pacific Islander public policy issues in the labor market are examined using the 2000 Census PUMS (Public Use Micro Sample) data. AAPI labor market problems raised by earlier studies are revisited with the more recent data. Southeast Asians, Vietnamese, Native Hawaiians, and Pacific Islanders continue to face problems of poverty/low income, unemployment, and discrimination in occupations and earnings. Many API groups are less likely to be employed in managerial occupations controlling for factors such as education and potential experience. New policy issues suggested by the data are lower rates of self-employment for many APIs compared to non-Hispanic whites as well as lower rates of homeownership by all API groups compared to non-Hispanic whites. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3tz2q2dq Wed, 8 Feb 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Mar, Don https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3pv0w9kp Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) community-based organizations (CBO’s) are key players in providing many services such as job training programs and civic education. The focus of community development has changed due to the increased technical and professional industry. Today’s AAPI CBO groups are heterogeneous as many groups focus in different services whether it is ethnic specific or age group specific. However, the CBOs are unevenly spread across the country. AAPI need to work on expanding its system-wide support on the local, state, and federal levels. The article discusses a social networks approach to aid in CBOs goals and the social capital approach, remarking that social ties are crucial for the well-being of the community. The term ‘community’ is explored as it means different things to different people, and the problem of lumping diverse ethnicities within the Asian American group because it homogenizes them and fails to distinguish a particular group’s concern.... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3pv0w9kp Wed, 8 Feb 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Huh, Kil Hasegawa, Lisa https://escholarship.org/uc/item/27c6g4tg There is a serious lack of demographic and socioeconomic data about Asian Americans living in distressed areas. The approach suggested to address this problem is community development with professional and academics to provide updated information on many issues such as poverty, educational attainment pertinent to these disadvantaged AA communities. The article discusses the selection criteria employed to choose the fourteen distressed communities that is analyzed. Details describing demographic characteristics, such as most AA communities are racially diverse, are supplemented with statistics to provide concrete data. Unemployment and poverty go hand-in-hand and in distressed AA communities these problems are occurring in higher frequency than other communities. The typical depiction of an AA community as a rich ethnic-enclave is debunked. The dominant problems in these communities are also representative of the problems most immigrants face today. The motivation for this analysis... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/27c6g4tg Wed, 8 Feb 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Miller, Douglas Houston, Douglas https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1rf58266 Despite the long history of Asian Americans of fighting for fundamental rights, Asian Americans appear to be less active in complaining about employment discrimination. For example, in 2003, Asian Americans filed proportionally fewer employment discrimination charges with the EEOC than other minority employees. This article examines the factors that create an atmosphere in which Asian Americans do not file as many charges of employment discrimination with the EEOC as one would expect. Also, it explores possible ways to motivate Asian American communities and individuals to engage in and recognize the community’s investment in the equal employment opportunity process. Specifically, it proposes additional outreach and education to Asian Americans to be informed of their rights as well as areas for further research and additional data collection. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1rf58266 Wed, 8 Feb 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Ishimaru, Stuart J. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/00g6v7kg In today’s California, Asian Americans and Arab Americans have diminished employment opportunities because employment agencies focus on their names, not qualifications. The Discrimination Research Center has documented the response rates to resumes submitted on behalf of men and women who have equal qualifications and ethnically identifiable names of Asian American, Arab American, Latino, African American and white backgrounds. Although potentially illegal and certainly unacceptable, results that showed that individuals with Arab or South Asian names, especially men, received the lowest response rates to their resumes were not particularly surprising in the aftermath of September 11, 2001 and subsequent changes in world affairs. Local animosity and antagonism ranging from discrimination to violence in response to events in the Middle East are well known and fit a historic pattern. Other statistically significant results showing Asian Americans receiving far fewer responses than... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/00g6v7kg Wed, 8 Feb 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Thanasombat, Siri Trasviña, John https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9z1456kv Activities of The White House Initiative on Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders (2009-2011) https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9z1456kv Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Kagawa-Singer, Marjorie Hune, Shirley https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9wd285zt In the world of K–12 education, the growing numbers of dropouts are a major concern. This article examines the dropout rates of Chinese and Vietnamese high school students. Using logistic regression analysis, this article examines the influence of ethnicity, gender, and socioeconomic status (SES) on dropout rates. The distinct contribution of this analysis lies within the intraethnic comparisons within the Asian American student population and its use of longitudinal data. The results of the study support existing research that gender and SES are related to dropout rates. Moreover, an interesting interaction between ethnicity and SES exists. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9wd285zt Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Uy, Phitsamay Sychitkokhong https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9tc8b84z This resource paper examines the challenges faced by a mental health contract provider and a federally qualified health center in Long Beach to integrate these two systems of care to provide better health care to Cambodians. The issues of disparity, stigma, and cultural barriers prevalent in this underserved community were identified and strategies to address the barriers were implemented. The resulting product illuminates many of the challenges that integrated care presents to ethnic communities. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9tc8b84z Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Kahn, Mariko Nicholas, Elisa https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9r52r5s6 This article explores attempts by labor and community advocates to retain a garment industry base in Manhattan’s Chinatown after 9/11. Specifically tying the viability of such proposals to ongoing processes such as gentrification, transnational capital investment, local development, and broader anti-manufacturing urban policy, I argue that strategies for appropriate and sensitive community development that are rooted in sectoral preservation or development need to take into account the specificities of place, class, and ethnicity. In particular, the concept of a valued cultural or home space adds urgency to the advocacy of such proposals beyond the generic economic rationale of manufacturing retention. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9r52r5s6 Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Sze, Lena https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9pd3c7qw Bridge Builder, Policy Influencer, And Community Engaged Scholar – Thank You, Paul M. Ong! https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9pd3c7qw Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Umemoto, Karen De La Cruz-Viesca, Melany https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9mk220wm Children with special health care needs (CSHCN) require health services beyond what generally is required. CSHCN from immigrant families face additional challenges, including cultural, language, racial, and socioeconomic barriers. Federally qualified health centers provide an ideal setting to treat these children, providing comprehensive, family-centered care that fits their linguistic and cultural needs. This article describes the development of a National Committee for Quality Assurance level 3 medical home, addressing cultural perspectives and barriers to quality care for the Chinese immigrant community by highlighting Edward Wagner’s Chronic Care Model, medical home criteria, electronic health records, parent engagement, staff development, and community collaboration. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9mk220wm Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Huang, Sherry Shao Fen Au, Loretta Young https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9fx228d5 The trafficking of Filipino guest workers into modern-day slavery in the United States is an epidemic that demands an immediate response from both the American and Filipino governments. Often, law enforcement and service providers are not from the same linguistic and cultural background as trafficking survivors, especially given the variety of immigrant communities affected by human trafficking. With this article, we propose a service model for survivors of human trafficking that recognizes and addresses cultural differences. As a model on how to create such a framework, in this article, the authors use the example and describe this phenomenon of “guestploitation”—a system that victimizes Filipino guest workers through the Philippines’ labor export system and United States’ convoluted guest worker program—and how the problem is compounded by cultural barriers, communication difficulties, and the complexity of the American legal system. They draw upon their own casework and experiences... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9fx228d5 Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Liou, Cindy C. Choi, Jeannie Hu, Ziwei https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9dm973dq Asian American and Pacific Islander Youth: Risks, Challenges and Opportunities https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9dm973dq Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Umemoto, Karen Ong, Paul https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9d33d557 Reenergizing and Renewing the Call for Asian American and Pacific Islander University-Community Research Partnerships https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9d33d557 Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Poon, OiYan A. Villanueva, George https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9cg9x8zg With the growing trend of community-based research, academic-based Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) often lack appropriate community-based ethical considerations in their reviews. Thus, the Association of Asian Pacific Community Health Organizations (AAPCHO) established an in-house community IRB to ensure that AAPCHO or member-initiated research is relevant to its community health centers (CHCs) and their Asian American, Native Hawaiian & Other Pacific Islander (AA&NHOPI) patients. Evaluations conducted at the IRB’s one-year mark demonstrated members and applicants’ satisfaction with the IRB’s performance. Evaluation results and best practices show that AAPCHO’s IRB promotes community leadership and research capacity and ensures community-applicable research plans. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9cg9x8zg Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Ye, Morgan Tran, Jacqueline H. Enos, Rachelle Chang Weir, Rosy https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9c8385f7 Culturally relevant gardens can significantly benefit regions like the San Gabriel Valley, which contain nearly a third of Asian Americans who are low income, by providing organically grown produce for students (Asian Americans Advancing Justice, 2018). This article focuses on one service-learning program: Asian/Asian American Studies 3510 Food Justice, the Body, and the Environment in the API Community at Cal State LA that works with schools throughout the San Gabriel Valley to build culturally relevant produce gardens. While our work focuses on building gardens and considerations of food justice, one of the greatest barriers to community-university partnerships is the lack of procedural transparency embedded within the university structure and culture. The heart of this essay is this process. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9c8385f7 Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Phun, Juily Dang, Elise https://escholarship.org/uc/item/99z9972j The following text visually represent some of the major findings relating to the theme of wealth and financial security — defined as having enough assets to address short-term needs (unemployment spells, health and other emergencies) and long-term investments (education, retirement). https://escholarship.org/uc/item/99z9972j Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Cheng, Alycia Ong, Paul M. De La Cruz-Viesca, Melany https://escholarship.org/uc/item/99m559v4 Art & Cultural Institutions and AAPI Communities https://escholarship.org/uc/item/99m559v4 Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Odo, Franklin Ong, Paul https://escholarship.org/uc/item/99d6b4vd The passage of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act (PRWORA) of 1996 has major implications for low-income Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) populations. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the research currently examining the impact of welfare reform on AAPI recipients and the welfare-to-work services available to this population. This article highlights AAPI participation and their timing-out rates in California’s CalWORKs program and their barriers to transitioning to work. Four welfare-to-work program models and recommendations are presented to illustrate strategies that can be used to address the unique needs of AAPI in order to alleviate their high risk for timing-out: one-stop-shops, transitional jobs programs, providing comprehensive and family focused services, and additional research and evaluation of programs specific to assisting the AAPI population on CalWORKs. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/99d6b4vd Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Chow, Julian Chun-Chung Yoo, Grace J. Vu, Catherine https://escholarship.org/uc/item/98v037z2 Asian Americans are involved in cross-racial community and advocacy coalitions. The article explores the barriers and problems that people in these groups encounter, which impede their progress in sustaining impactful and influential agenda and decisions. The central problem behind this is Asian American’s ambiguous political stance, thereby making coalition partners apprehensive. Asian American’s lack of definitive political identity and how they relate to other racial background pose as a problem to coalition building. A brief look to one of the earliest Asian American immigrants to the US shows that even from the very beginning Asian Americans have occupied a highly ambiguous position in American society. Discussed is the central question of what Asian Americans are fighting for in terms of social justice. Asian Americans need to discuss their political identification and agenda as a way to sustain cross-alliances and to have a secure future in American society. Asian Americans... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/98v037z2 Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Kim, Claire Jean https://escholarship.org/uc/item/984981w2 The purpose of this article is to explore the current and future potential for engaging Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders (AAPIs) in the labor movement by 2040. Because of the limitations of the data and the scope of the projections, we initially analyze Asian American participation in the labor market, so we can later discuss our vision and trajectory for engaging AAPI workers in the labor movement by 2040. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/984981w2 Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Hester, Johanna Geron, Kim Lai, Tracy Ong, Paul M. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/97r6c838 There have been a growing number of partnerships between universities and nonprofits to conduct community-based research to understand important racial group disparities and develop community capacity. However, these relationships can be unbalanced and fraught with challenges. This resource paper offers a discussion of seven considerations that can assist university researchers in developing accountable and equitable partnerships. We also provide suggestions on how these steps may vary for Asian American and Pacific Islander groups and how to create mutually beneficial agreements that respect both parties and their goals. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/97r6c838 Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Lee, C. Aujean Patraporn, R. Varisa https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9774r09t Using data from the National Center for Health Statistics, an assessment was performed on the quality of death reporting in accordance with standards, a working definition was developed, death counts and rates for several racial categories were analyzed, and data was modeled for use in data structures optimized for analysis and reporting with simple client tools. Most states were still not compliant with the 1997 Office of Management and Budget racial categories by 2005. Comparing the mortality experience of NHOPI to whites revealed many differences. Mortality was higher in NHOPI males and occurred at younger ages for both males and females. The place of death differed between NHOPI and whites, while place of injury (where applicable) was similar. Causes also varied after the top two causes of death. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9774r09t Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Taualii, Maile Quenga, Joey Samoa, Raynald Samanani, Salim Dover, Doug https://escholarship.org/uc/item/96g034d2 Two Foci: "Glass Ceiling?" And "Health Data" https://escholarship.org/uc/item/96g034d2 Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Ong, Paul Kagawa-Singer, Marjorie Woo, Deborah https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9618470b This article is an update to the 2006 AAPI Nexus Journal article about Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) senior executives in the federal government. Despite notable progress in recent years, AAPIs remain underrepresented in the Senior Executive Service (SES). Although recent administration initiatives have been beneficial for increasing diversity in the civil service, budget pressures and workforce constraints still hinder further advancements in executive diversity. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9618470b Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Eoyang, Carson K. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/95w5453v Historically, traditional Native Hawaiian values and survival were rooted in the practice of mālama `āina – caring for the land. Urbanization and development of the land over time, however, have disconnected Native Hawaiians from their traditional practices and land. In an effort to get back to mālama `āina, Native Hawaiians are incorporating cultural history and identity into addressing environmental problems by taking responsibility to reclaim and restore the `āina for future generations. Once such example is the Ka Wai Ola O Wai`anae project in which the Wai`anae Coast community is using federal funding to build capacity to understand and take effective actions that mitigate pollutants in the environment, with the goal of getting back mālama `āina. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/95w5453v Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Kahihikolo, Leslie Rush https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9571s6dg Federally Qualified Health Centers: A Prescription for Health Equity https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9571s6dg Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Sim, Shao-Chee Kagawa-Singer, Marjorie Ponce, Ninez A. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9200763k Compared to all other racial and ethnic groups, Asian Americans have the lowest utilization of mental health services. Contributing factors include extremely low community awareness about mental health, a lack of culturally competent Asian American mental health professionals, and severe stigma associated with mental illness. This manuscript describes an innovative program that bridges the gap between primary care and mental health services. The Bridge Program, cited in the supplement to the Surgeon’s General’s Report on Mental Health: Culture, Race, and Ethnicity as a model for delivery of mental health services through primary care; (2) to improve capacity by enhancing the skills of primary care providers to identify and treat mental disorders commonly seen in primary care; and (3) to raise community awareness by providing health education on mental health and illness. Results are presented and the potential for replication is addressed. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9200763k Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Chen, Hongtu Kramer, Elizabeth J. Chen, Teddy Chen, Jianping Chung, Henry https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9128v4nb Four Hawai‘i Federally Qualified Health Centers, a Managed Care Organization, and the Hawai‘i Primary Care Association established a partnership to pilot a unique Patient-Centered Health Care Home model. All sites were successful in implementing care coordination and a patient registry. A cohort of 432 patients with a diagnosis of diabetes and/or depression was activated into the program. Sixty percent of the cohort was Native Hawaiian, Other Pacific Islander, or Asian. Patients with uncontrolled diabetes lowered their HbA1c by one point (p < .05), and patients with severe depression lowered their PHQ-9 scores by 4.6 points (p < .05). https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9128v4nb Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Oneha, Mary Frances Hirokawa, Robert Vocalan, Cristina https://escholarship.org/uc/item/90s7z8g4 Voting: The Biggest Challenge and What Can Be Done https://escholarship.org/uc/item/90s7z8g4 Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Nakanishi, Don T. Ong, Paul https://escholarship.org/uc/item/90c0m4mb The purpose of this manuscript is to describe the comparative effectiveness research (CER) paradigm and its important role in guiding current federal funding of research and examine how this paradigm can be used to guide Asian American mental health research. We will begin with a review of comparative effectiveness research and provide several examples of Asian American studies, which fit into the paradigm. In discussing how we may map the CER onto Asian American mental health research, the problem of differential research infrastructure will be introduced and used to frame our recommendations for future research. We provide some recommendations for using CER in Asian American mental health research by noting the need for multiple approaches due to the problem of differential research infrastructure, and expanding the human capital and data infrastructure. The pros and cons of randomized control trials (RCT) are discussed and an example of a study being planned by the authors... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/90c0m4mb Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Leong, Frederick T.L. Kalibatseva, Zornitsa https://escholarship.org/uc/item/906120b6 An Urban Institute study examined immigrant integration through the lens of community-based organizations. Based on interviews with nonprofit leaders and an analysis of financial data, the study found that immigrant-serving nonprofits provide a wide range of programs and services that promote the social and political mobility of newcomers. Findings also suggest that Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) organizations in the Washington, D.C. metropolitan area are smaller than other immigrant-serving nonprofits. AAPI groups also lack access to political networks that are crucial to securing policy and funding support. Moreover, different political and administrative structures affect the ability of these nonprofit organizations to serve their constituents. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/906120b6 Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 de Leon, Erwin https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8z07c5q2 This essay examines the importance of disaggregating Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander data, issues currently faced by NHPI communities, and where NHPI communities could be in 2040. Projected demographic trends may exacerbate challenges faced by NHPIs in areas such as health, education, income, incarceration, housing, and immigration. The impact of climate change, technological innovations, and the United States’ shift towards a majority-minority status on NHPI communities are also analyzed. Three recommendations for improving the position of NHPIs in 2040 are provided: (1) Address the needs of an increasingly diverse NHPI community; (2) develop community capacity for civic engagement; and (3) invest in leadership development and NHPI youth. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8z07c5q2 Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Chang, Richard Calvin https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8wt4k3h6 Asian Americans are increasingly recognized as an important constituency in electoral politics and yet there is a glaring gap in information about ethnic differences in public opinion. 1 Using a unique survey of Asian American voters conducted by the California League of Conservation Voters, we add to the nascent literature on environmental attitudes and public opinion among Asian Americans. We find systematic ethnic differences in the distribution of responses related to self-reported “environmentalist” identity, support for environmental policies, and environmental concerns such as climate change. Asian Americans are strongly proenvironment overall; nevertheless, the findings suggest that any mobilization related to environmental politics should be sensitive to ethnic differences, as well as commonalities that transcend subgroups. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8wt4k3h6 Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Ong, Paul M. Le, Loan Daniels, Paula https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8vr3b69z This policy brief explores the usefulness and limitations of existing federal government data sets in better understanding the wealth position and asset-building needs of Asian Americans. As Asian Americans continue to be one of the fastest-growing racial groups in the United States, it is critical for federal data sets to disaggregate Asian Americans by ethnicity and by immigrant versus nonimmigrant status, in order to provide a more accurate and nuanced analysis of the Asian American experience with asset accumulation. The lumping of all Asian American ethnic groups under the aggregate “Asian” category masks a high degree of variation in social and economic status across these subgroups. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8vr3b69z Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Cruz-Viesca, Melany De La https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8sk0b2pg This article examines the assessment of the UCLA Asian American studies program and resulting curriculum reform that was put into effect as of Fall 2013. The essay will discuss the context leading up to the 2013 curriculum reform, including the 2011 UCLA Asian American Studies Curriculum Assessment Project, the departmental curriculum restructure process, the most recent Academic Senate program review, and initial response to the community engagement courses. This serves as a case study of curriculum reform that successfully addressed the needs of the students, met Academic Senate requirements, and returned the department to the original principle of service through community engagement and partnerships. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8sk0b2pg Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Le, Emily Sy, Sheila https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8s96v5vk Ensuring the economic well-being of elderly represents a critical issue for social policy. The impacts of financial instability reach beyond an individual’s overall well-being and their family relationships. To date, little is known about the economic status of elderly Native Hawaiians Pacific Islanders (NHOPI). This paper presents baseline information on the poverty status of NHOPI elders and how individual and household characteristics impact their economic well-being. Using bivariate and multivariate analysis the results show that the risks of poverty varies markedly across different Pacific Islander subgroups but that all elder uniformly benefit from coresidence within an extend family household. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8s96v5vk Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Panapasa, Sela V. Phua, Voon Chin McNally, James W. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8rg9t7gs Notably lacking in the literature on Vietnamese and Cambodian youth gangs in the United States and particularly southern California have been solutions that address the underlying causative factors of gang involvement. Relying on life histories collected over a span of fifteen years, the authors propose a multi-faceted prevention and intervention strategy that includes the community and schools to heighten cultural awareness for children and parents. It is also recommended that policies take into account nuanced differences between Asian communities and bring together multiple stakeholders including officials and hard-core gang members to improve communicative problems that have resulted in gang-policy failures. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8rg9t7gs Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Vigil, James Diego Nguyen, Tomson H. Cheng, Jesse https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8qh7x65z The role of working class Asian Americans/Pacific Islanders in Silicon Valley’s high technology revolution has been obscured by imposed silences, erasures, and a fixation on the relatively few who have become wealthy from the electronics boom. In this article we consider the thousands of Asians/Pacific Islanders who make Silicon Valley possible by producing the hardware that runs the machinery upon which this modern day empire was built. In particular, we address the health hazards experienced by those involved in home-based piecework. In addition, we consider a range of industry practices that produce and reinforce oppression among these workers. The low profile of working class AAPI workers in Silicon Valley enables industry to withhold occupational and environmental safety improvements, repress efforts to organize unions, and maintain oppressive workplace cultures. Finally, we examine oppositional strategies among AAPI laborers to make themselves seen and heard on the shopfloor... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8qh7x65z Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Park, Lisa Sun-Hee Pellow, David Naguib https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8mm04702 At the national level, the Asian American population has grown more than any other major race group. According to the 2010 Census, the Los Angeles metro area had 2,199,186 Asians, making it the home to the largest Asian population in the United States. Following close behind was the New York City metro area with 2,008,906 Asians. Over a quarter of the 14.7 million Asian Americans reside in either of the two greater metropolitan regions, where they comprise around a tenth of the total population in each metropolis. We begin with a brief historical overview of immigration legislation that has both invited and excluded Asian Americans, as a means of understanding how Asian Americans have been perceived over time. We will also compare some key characteristics of Asian American populations in Los Angeles County, New York City, the Balance of LA Combined Statistical Area (CSA) (excluding Los Angeles County), and the Balance of NYC CSA (excluding New York City), and the Balance of the... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8mm04702 Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Shih, Howard Cruz-Viesca, Melany De La https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8m8608rw This resource paper draws lessons from a twenty-year partnership between the Native Hawaiian community of Papakōlea, the Hawai‘i Alliance for Community-Based Economic Development, and the Department of Urban and Regional Planning at the University of Hawai‘i. Key players and co-authors describe five principles for sustained partnerships: (1) building partnerships based upon community values with potential for long-term commitments; (2) privileging indigenous ways of knowing; (3) creating a culture of learning together as a co-learning community; (4) fostering reciprocity and compassion in nurturing relationships; and (5) utilizing empowering methodologies and capacity-building strategies. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8m8608rw Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Agres, Robert Dillard, Adrienne Enos, Kamuela Joseph Nui Kakesako, Brent Kekauoha, B. Puni Nakaoka, Susan Umemoto, Karen https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8jz0z7cj "A Commitment to Building Bridges" https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8jz0z7cj Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Ong, Paul https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8gw9f2jw This study examines the historical comparison between exclusionary quotas against Jewish students in American universities and the recent similarities with the controversy over Asian American enrollment. Through an analysis of historical discourse from within the administration, in the public realm, and from students, parallels are seen between the two incidents. With a more complete understanding of the historical trends in exclusionary practices in universities, policymakers can recognize the current controversy with Asian American enrollment and take on the problem at the source. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8gw9f2jw Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Liesemeyer, Jillian https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8g51p3r8 This article discusses the anti-immigrant sentiment after 9/11 and focuses on Asian American’s research agenda and advocacy plans to identify the problem and offer suggestions to mitigate it. The aftermath of 9/11 resulted in discrimination and violence against minorities, and therefore adversely affected their economic conditions and limited their opportunities. 9/11 also exposed the lack of adequate system of research and data regarding Asian Americans that would be necessary to influence the nation’s legislative institutions. The introduction of governmental policies to increase national security is explored as inefficient, biased and complicate existing major problems that immigrants face. 9/11 resulted in increased racial profiling, which highlights the government’s lack of policies protecting immigrant rights. 9/11 affected the immigrant issues of legalization, voting rights, employment discrimination, language barriers, legal services, and the effects of welfare reform. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8g51p3r8 Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Narasaki, Karen K. Han, June K. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8fh4026s Children of immigrants are the fastest-growing population in the United States; therefore addressing their needs has become an important issue that faces educators, researchers, and policy makers nationwide. This policy brief examines the services and support for Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) families during nonschool hours. Specifically, I illustrate the role and impact of a community-based organization (CBO) in family-community-school partnerships and how CBOs provide information, support, and advocacy for low-income Chinese immigrant families. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8fh4026s Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Wong, Nga-Wing Anjela https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8bz7p6k4 Due to the “model minority” myth, Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) students are often left out of the national discourse on educational equity. As a result, obtaining more data on AAPI students (i.e., data disaggregation) has become the primary civil rights issue in education for AAPIs. This paper examines challenges facing AAPIs in elementary and secondary public schools, passage of the Every Student Succeeds Act, and progress made to disaggregate data on AAPI students. The authors highlight additional opportunities and strategies for advocates at the local and national level to improve educational outcomes for all AAPI students by 2040. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8bz7p6k4 Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Ahrens, Rita Pin Lee, Souvan https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8b39j9ps Numbering more than 300,000, “Asian Latinos” are a large but overlooked segment of the Asian American and Latino populations of the United States. Drawing from data generated from the 5 percent Public Use Microdata Samples of the 2000 U.S. Census, this article provides a preliminary quantitative analysis of the Asian Latino community. In particular, it examines the demographic characteristics of population size, geographic distribution, national origin, gender, age, citizenship, and educational attainment. In addition, it examines several policy implications related to Asian Latino coalition building and undocumented immigrant advocacy. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8b39j9ps Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Romero, Robert Chao Escudero, Kevin https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8742k5p3 This essay discusses important lessons for community organizing based on the efforts by the Vietnamese American community in Orange County to have their voices heard in the decision-making process at the school district level. I document their struggle to reinstate Dr. KimOanh Nguyen-Lam, an experienced educator who is fluent in English, Vietnamese, Spanish, and French, as Superintendent of the Westminster School District (WSD) when her job offer was retracted without justification by the school board one week after she was hired. In this majority-minority school district, with Latinos at 38% and Asian Americans at 37%, she would have been the first Vietnamese American Superintendent of a public school in the country. I examine how community leaders organized multi-ethnic and -racial coalitions, engaged in collective protest, and focused their activities on electoral politics. The conflict revolves around which teachers are hired and promoted and who controls the content of the... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8742k5p3 Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Vo, Linda Trinh https://escholarship.org/uc/item/83z019x5 The lack of health data on Asian ethnic subgroups has been noted as the major setback in dispelling the myth of the model minority. Population-representative samples of this relatively low-frequency racial group still fail to yield sufficient sample size to provide disaggregated information on Asian ethnic groups. As such, health information for Asian American subgroups is often acquired from surname list-assisted sampling methods, which may be fraught with biases toward particular groups not representative of the overall population. As one of the first major surveys to use both RDD and surname list-assisted sampling methods to sample Asian subgroups, the 2001 California Health Interview Survey provides the unique opportunity to determine whether significant differences exist between the RDD sample and the list-assisted sample for South Asians, Japanese, Koreans and Vietnamese. For each Asian ethnic group, we performed chi-squared tests to compare the list and RDD sample proportions... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/83z019x5 Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Ponce, Ninez A. Gatchell, Melissa https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8321c3pt Thalassemia is a potentially life-threatening genetic blood disease for which Asians in California are at highest risk, compared to other population groups. Mandatory screening at birth is how most cases are discovered. This paper focuses on chronic forms of thalassemia and what it means for patients and their families to live with the illness. The goal is to increase public awareness about thalassemia and to stimulate discussion about social interventions that might enable individuals to lead healthier lives. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8321c3pt Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Woo, Deborah https://escholarship.org/uc/item/82h7v3h9 In this paper, we explore the significance of the Wing Luke Asian Museum (WLAM) in Seattle, Washington as a site where pan-ethnic Asian American identity can be promoted by analyzing the strategies employed by the staff and artists of the WLAM to promote, foster and disseminate a larger Asian Pacific Islander American pan-ethnic identity. We argue that museums are a significant site that can “provide a setting for persons of diverse Asian backgrounds to establish social ties and to discuss their common problems and experiences.” https://escholarship.org/uc/item/82h7v3h9 Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Han, Chong-suk Echtle, Edward https://escholarship.org/uc/item/82g5p9b6 Closing the Research and Data Gap in Order to Serve Asian Americans Better https://escholarship.org/uc/item/82g5p9b6 Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Hune, Shirley Kagawa-Singer, Marjorie https://escholarship.org/uc/item/811040j6 Framed within the segmented assimilation perspective, this paper examines community construction by middle-class, professional Tamilimmigrant women in Atlanta, Georgia. It argues that community building is a fundamentally gendered settlement activity predominantly performed by Tamil women. Using gendered labor, they construct a dynamic community across the settlement process, encompassing formal and informal, ethnic and non-ethnic components and sites, to take the form of wives’ support and women’s networks, cross-cultural friendships, ethnic spaces and fictive kinship. With the emergent bonding and bridging social capital, they chart their segmented incorporation as model minorities who are ethnic. In the process however, gender, race/ethnic and class hierarchies are often reinforced. In this article, I discuss community1 construction by middle-class, professional Tamil2 immigrant women in Atlanta, Georgia. Framed by the segmented assimilation perspective on immigrant incorporation,... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/811040j6 Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Manohar, Namita N. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/80n091jk Based on the experiences of a Koreatown scholar, the executive director of a Koreatown nonprofit, and a longtime resident student, the article advocates for greater attention to the complex and dynamic power structures of ethnic enclaves in community-academic partnerships. We discuss the changing landscapes of Koreatown as the global nexus of the Pacific Rim economy, the city of Los Angeles’s urban redevelopment plans, and growing diversity and inequality. Programs that aim to engage effectively with ethnic communities must reassess how knowledge is produced and conveyed, how we structure partnerships within stratified communities, and how to grow from issue-based partnerships to broader communities of interest. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/80n091jk Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Chung, Angie Y. Choi, Carolyn Song, Johng Ho https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7xp554h9 This essay explores higher education–labor partnerships in the contemporary era between Asian American Studies (AAS), the Asian Pacific American Labor Alliance (APALA), and AAS community partnerships. With the intensified attacks on workers, unions, and Asian American, Pacific Islander, and other communities of color, the importance of higher education and labor and community partnerships will be a valuable resource to expand critical research and participatory education. These partnerships embody the community studies’ roots of AAS. Using three case studies, this essay highlights these partnerships and concludes with a discussion of the opportunities and challenges students can experience when working in labor union spaces and recommendations for building university-labor partnerships. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7xp554h9 Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Geron, Kim Dao, Loan Thi Lai, Tracy Wong, Kent https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7w19h4jq Asian Americans face discrimination in some occasions when they exercise their right to vote. AA is the fastest growing minority group and more of them are becoming naturalized citizens. The articles discuss relevant policies in its connection to AA voting. Such policies are The Voting Rights Act and The Language Assistance Provisions of the Voting Rights Act. The American Legal Defense and Education Fund (AALDEF) employ many methods to collect and document date and details reasons for voting barriers that AA face. The AALDEF uses Election Day monitoring, voter complaint hotline, and multilingual exit poll as its means to gather information needed to understand the barriers and other reasons affecting AA ability to vote. The profile of the voters is discussed as well as the voting place such as how the voting process works in New York City. Many problems and complaints arise in the voting process such as the translation in the bilingual ballots as they are too small to read and... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7w19h4jq Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Magpantay, Glenn D. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7t85j7mx Adjustments for the underlying differences in risks among patients in payment approaches has been widely used and accepted; yet current risk adjustment approaches are limited because they do not account for the various social determinants of health (SDH) that can also influence health outcomes. This can have implications for providers serving disadvantaged populations. This article discusses why the inclusion of SDH in the formulas for risk adjustment is important for federally qualified health centers (FQHCs) under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) and recommends ways in which FQHCs can be leaders in informing payment reform policies. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7t85j7mx Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Quach, Thu Gilmer, Todd P. Hirota, Sherry Ponce, Ninez A. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7ss4k0s5 Despite scientific advances that documents race and ethnicity as critical factors associated with inequities in health and health care quality, the general political climate has the potential to undermine efforts to improve the quality of life for people in diverse communities. We call for more creative research programs on health issues in Asian American communities to move beyond prevalence and risk factors toward investigating the mechanisms and processes that produce illness and lead to poor quality of health. We emphasize a compelling need to revisit traditional and accepted findings to determine their appropriateness for Asian American communities. We also suggested that as we establish the mechanisms that link social factors and health, we must also place them within the appropriate historical and cultural contexts that are essential for the health of people in their communities. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7ss4k0s5 Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Takeuchi, David T. Hong, Seunghye https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7qr3w660 Native Hawaiians and other Pacific Islanders represent diverse groups with unique histories and rich cultural traditions. They also confront significant challenges in health and education, experiencing disproportionally higher rates of violence and substance abuse. Policy recommendations regarding youth delinquency, substance abuse, and positive development include: (1) application of a socio-ecological approach; (2) utilization of a positive youth development and restorative approach; (3) development of culturally based interventions; (4) the building of capacity for youth-serving organizations; (5) development and strengthening of collaborations; (6) juvenile justice reforms; and (7) encouragement of research that disaggregates ethnic groups and gives greater consideration to community perspectives. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7qr3w660 Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Umemoto, Karen Hishinuma, Earl S. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7fr0f2pj Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is a serious liver disease caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Each year, approximately twenty-five thousand infants are born to HBV-infected mothers, and one thou- sand newborns become infected (Barbosa et al., 2014; Ward, 2008). To prevent HBV perinatal transmission and facilitate care management, health centers should utilize a patient-centered medical home model that provides coordinated, comprehensive, and culturally appropriate services. One model is the Hep B Moms Program at Charles B. Wang Community Health Center in New York City. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7fr0f2pj Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Weerasinghe, Isha Bannister, Nicole Huang, Vivian Cohen, Chari Caballero, Jeffrey Wang, Su https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7cp3k17d This study seeks to understand how Native Hawaiian (NH) women identified themselves culturally and conceptualized the causes of depression, and whether there was an association between these two constructs. Among the thirty NH women who were interviewed, a quarter had a high degree of depression symptoms, and a majority expressed a strong/shared identification/affinity with their culture. Our findings suggest that social stressors that contribute to the depressive symptoms of NH women could be, in part, linked to acculturation-related factors associated with U.S. occupation of Hawai‘i and their social status as native people. Future research should examine this relationship further. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7cp3k17d Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Ta, Van M. Chao, Puihan J. Kaholokula, Joseph Keawe’aimoku https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7bb9p964 This essay delineates the issues concerning AAPI art exhibitions from a curator’s perspective, particularly in response to the changing racial demographics and economics of the past decades. A discussion of practical, curatorial problems offers the reader an overview of the obstacles and reasons behind the lack of exhibitions of AAPI works in the United States. It is the author’s hope that by understanding the challenges particular to AAPI exhibitions, community leaders, and patrons will direct future financial support to appropriate museum operations, which in turn will encourage more exhibitions and research of the important artistic contribution of AAPI artists to American art. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7bb9p964 Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Wang, ShiPu https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7b87r36f Praxis and Power in the Intersections of Education https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7b87r36f Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Tintiangco-Cubales, Allyson Kiang, Peter Nien-chu Museus, Samuel D. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/77j8c1rg Lack of disaggregated health data for Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders (AAPIs) continues to be a barrier to identifying and addressing health disparities in the AAPI population. Because the AAPI population is relatively small, health surveillance groups frequently overlook or disregard them in their data collection, often citing that AAPIs are “difficult to reach,” or that it is too costly to include them in data sets. This brief addresses these barriers and demonstrates that when there is sufficient support from policymakers, committed academic partnerships, and genuine engagement of the community, scientifically sound health data can be collected in a cost efficient manner. Such data not only identifies health needs, but also may generate significant benefits to communities, health planners and researchers and can lead to funding to address those needs. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/77j8c1rg Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Gor, Beverly J. Jones, Lovell A. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/72t7v78d Through a careful analysis of the educational concerns and efforts described by Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) activists in Gidra—the first radical Asian American newspaper described as “the journalistic arm of the [Asian American] Movement” (Wei, 1993, 103)—this article explores ways that current educators, public policy writers, and researchers can learn from the stories of the past to improve the state of K–12 education today. Drawing from five years of monthly Gidra publications, this article illustrates parallels between past and current issues in AAPI K–12 education while offering suggestions for action and change. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/72t7v78d Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Ryoo, Jean J. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/71g2h4fj In recent years, data has shown that there has been significant growth in Asian American Pacific Islander-owned (AAPI) enterprises. Driven by demographic changes, related in large part to the history of immigration policy, the AAPI population has been growing, and this has been accompanied by AAPI innovators and entrepreneurs leaving greater marks on American society and the U.S. economy. This growth, however, is not without risks and threats. The legacy of being “othered” by mainstream society means that AAPI success in business and in the corporate landscape can be met with resentment and criticism. This article explores the history of AAPI entrepreneurship and current trends. It also examines the challenges that the community may continue to face and offers recommendations on how to ensure continued growth and expanded opportunities for AAPIs in business. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/71g2h4fj Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Imada, Bill https://escholarship.org/uc/item/71b8c4qp Special Issue on K–12 Education https://escholarship.org/uc/item/71b8c4qp Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Kiang, Peter Nien-chu Chang, Mitchell J. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7179z662 Asian American and Pacific Islander Aging https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7179z662 Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Choi, Namkee Lubben, James https://escholarship.org/uc/item/704831dn Historic and cultural preservation is a significant issue for Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders (AAPIs) seeking to safeguard important historic places, preserve unique cultural practices, and receive official recognition of civic contributions. However, few sites associated with AAPI history and cultures have been recognized as landmarks. With the fiftieth anniversary of the Historic Preservation Act of 1966, the Department of the Interior and the National Park Service have embarked on an Asian American and Pacific Islander Heritage Initiative to explore how the legacy of AAPIs can be recognized, preserved, and interpreted for future generations. To understand what we could be commemorating on the act’s fifieth anniversary, this essay will offer policy recommendations for preserving, landmarking, and interpreting AAPI historic and cultural sites into 2040 and beyond. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/704831dn Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Magalong, Michelle G. Mabalon, Dawn Bohulano https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6zb2v33r Where do Asian Americans stand when it comes to public policy? In what ways are they most likely to participate in politics in order to exert their influence in public policy making? More often than not, the answer to these questions is mired in assumptions, anecdotes, and selective evidence because until only very recently, little systematic, nationally representative data on this emerging group has been available to the public. In this brief, we introduce the 2008 National Asian American Survey (NAAS), the first multilingual, multiethnic national survey of Asian American political attitudes and behavior, and suggest that these data shed light on: (1) critical questions about Asian Americans’ public policy attitudes and (2) the types of political action Asian Americans are most likely to take to pursue their policy interests. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6zb2v33r Tue, 17 Jan 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Ramakrishnan, S. Karthick Junn, Jane Lee, Taeku Wong, Janelle